Int. The aim of this review is to compile and update the current progresses of ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology of K. galanga. 1 (1), 100103. Galangal root has been used in Ayurvedic and traditional Chinese medicine for centuries and is likely safe when consumed in the amounts typically found in foods (1). Li, Q., Han, H. M., Sun, Y. J., Guo, W. Y., and Yang, D. P. (2013). Among them, 38 was the most effective with LC50 value of 21.4g/cm2, 34, 39 and the essential oil exhibited moderately effects with LC50 value of 44.6 and 43.4 68.6g/cm2, respectively. A Small Molecule Selected from a DNA-Encoded Library of Natural Products That Binds to TNF- and Attenuates Inflammation In Vivo. K. galanga is a Traditional Chinese Herb Medicine (TCHM), which has been applied to treat cold, dry cough, toothaches, rheumatism, hypertension and so on. Today a commodity, ginger was once a luxury. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2004.07.004, Pandji, C., Grimm, C., Wray, V., Witte, L., and Proksch, P. (1993). Herein, we conducted a comprehensive review on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and ethnomedicinal uses of K. galanga. J. Beijing Univ. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1206.2010.00266. (2004). doi:10.1142/S0192415X17500458. Potential Medicinal Plants and Trditional Ayaurvedic Ap-Proach towards Urticaria, an Allergic Skin Disorder. Antioxidative and Free Radical Scavenging Activities of Selected Medicinal Herbs. This is the "common" form but many more highly patterned forms will be available. -. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Wu, H. D. (2016). The results showed that K. galanga had good antioxidant activity, among the five extracts, the activity of chloroform fraction was the best, and its SC50 on DPPH and ABTS were about 4 and 2 times that of the positive control (VC) respectively, followed by the ethyl acetate, n-butanol fraction, while petroleum ether fraction was poor and the water fraction was basically inactive (Xiang et al., 2018). Entomol. Kaempferia pulchra, which Kew says is a synonym of Kaempferia elegans is a highly variable species with many variants in distribution. and transmitted securely. Beijing: China Medical Science Press. All Rights Reserved. RT @AyaPamungkas: It's kencur, guys. If you would like to support this site, please consider, http://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. 30 (1), 15. J. Ethnopharmacol. Gratefully, an emerging technology, DNA-encoded library (DEL) and especially the natural product DNA-encoded library (nDEL) has already showed their potential in identification of protein targets of natural products, thus could be used to handle this issue (Ma et al., 2019; Xie et al., 2020). Inspired by Hildegard for detoxification, weight loss & improved metabolism! Disclaimer. eCollection 2021. doi:10.1016/S0024-3205(99)00643-8, Liu, X. C., Liang, Y., Shi, W. P., Liu, Q. Taken together, <i>K. galanga</i> L. is very potential to be developed as a prospective phytopharmaceutical for the treatment of oral mucosal ulceration in human after clinical trials. Common medicinal uses of galanga include treatment of the following conditions: The essential oils of galanga are also packed with healing potential. Mokkhasmit, M., Swatdimongkol, K., and Satrawah, P. (1971). It tastes sweet, spicy, and slightly bitter. Med. A., et al. Together with Spanish chamomile (or akarkara), which she referred to as bertram, thyme, and hyssop, galangal ranks among Hildegards most famous healing spices. A., Husin, A., Suriyah, W. H., LestariOmar, W. M. N., Omar, M. N., and Kasmuri, A. R. (2019). FIGURE 7. While most commercial sources list this form as 'Mansonii' it was originally introduced to horticulture as Kaempferia masonii (named after Mason, not Manson). 60 (45), 1130911317. Li P, Shen J, Wang Z, Liu S, Liu Q, Li Y, He C, Xiao P. J Ethnopharmacol. J. Mol. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted (2011). Ethnopharmacological relevance: There, it is taken as part of the final three stages of initiation rituals along with species of Boletus mushrooms, Heimiella sp., Russula sp. (2004). Originated in Maritime Southeast Asia, this herb dates back to over two thousand years ago. Antibacterial Activity of Panduratin A Isolated from Kaempferia Pandurata against Porphyromonas Gingivalis. Kaempferia galanga can be easily dug up during the winters and kept indoors in a pot with humid soil. (2005). K. galanga is an aromatic medicinal herb. (2018). Healthc. Lab. Aroonrerk, N., and Kamkaen, N. (2009). Authors Z., Zhou, L., and Liu, Z. L. (2014). 8600 Rockville Pike (2017a). FOIA 72 Articles, (ICAAASTSD) International Conference on Advances in Agriculture and Allied Science Technologies for Sustainable Development, Genesis Urban and Rural Development Society Hyderabad, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, This article is part of the Research Topic, https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.675350, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.675350/full#supplementary-material. Besides, in 28days subacute toxicity studies, there was no death occurred when the ethanolic K. galanga extract was treated the dosage of 25, 50 or 100mg/kg (Kanjanapothi et al., 2004). (2005). Last update on 2022-07-20: Now containing 12727 plants. Manigaunha, A., Ganesh, N., and Kharya, M. D. (2010). Singh A, Singh N, Singh S, Srivastava RP, Singh L, Verma PC, Devkota HP, Rahman LU, Kumar Rajak B, Singh A, Saxena G. Front Pharmacol. Galangal root has been employed in traditional medicine as a remedy for various ailments, and an increasing number of scientific studies support these uses. It is also vital for protein growth, repair, and maintenance. Lesser galangal, or Alpinia officinarum, is most commonly used. Aromatic ginger, Kaempferia galanga. Sci. It is not as sharp as ginger, and can have a hint of cinnamon. Vasorelaxant Effects of the Chloroform Extract of Kaempferia Galangal on Smooth Muscles of the Rat Aora. You can get the rhizome from any local farmers shop. A., Daud, I. 54 (2), 204210. Anti-inflammatory Activity of Quercus Infectoria, Glycyrrhiza Uralensis, Kaempferia Galanga and Coptis Chinensis, the Main Components of Thai Herbal Remedies for Aphthous Ulcer. 58 (27), 92549261. Photos by Alani Davis. Therefore, the results provided a quantitative basis to explain the traditional folkloric use of K. galanga as a diuretic agent (Mohammad et al., 2016). Finally, some research suggests that galangal root may protect against fungi, yeasts, and parasites. 10.1007/BF02867956 Trans-ethyl p-methoxycinnamate (34) was examined on HSC-3 and Ca922 lines by MTT assay. Antioxidant and Antineoplastic Activities of Methanolic Extract of Kaempferia Galanga Linn. It is a mild healing tonic that can be a great way to spice-up your day with the health benefits of galangal. doi:10.1128/JVI.78.20.11334-11339.2004, Yu, R., Chen, L., Lan, R., Shen, R., and Li, P. (2020). Ethnomedicinal uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and toxicological profile of Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) It is worth noting that the dual quality control, chemical benchmark and effect benchmark has been generally accepted (Li et al., 2019; Zhu et al., 2019). 2020 May 23;254:112686. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112686. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the Ginger is also much easier to find! doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)82505-4, Kumar, A. Life Sci. 2015 Jan 15;159:137-57. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.10.040. Galanga still grows wild in parts of India and in the southern Himalayas. 81, 339. Lastly, If you ever find yourself with a cough or a sore throat, you may want to try out a hot cup of ginger water. While galangal can be used internally and externally, the health benefits of galangal are achieved by eating galangal. Anti-neoplastic Potential of Ethyl-P-Methoxycinnamate of Kaempferia Galanga on Oral Cancer Cell Lines. But it was not always this way. Keep it at 70-85 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and around 60-65 degree Fahrenheit during the night. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error, Primary reactions and constituents supporting various biological effects of, Chemical structures of main volatile components in, Structures of cyclic dipeptides and flavonoids isolated from, Structures of diarylheptanoids, fatty acids and esters isolated from, Structures of polysaccharides and other compounds isolated from. J. Chem. The hexane extract of K. galanga demonstrated potent sedative effects (1.5 and 10mg) by reducing the activity of locomotor. Food Sci. The traditional formulations containing K. galanga are listed in Table 2. This work was supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (No. In this study we investigated the antinociceptive activity in mice and rats using acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, hot plate and tail-flick tests. Uip Heath Med. The Plant List includes a further 3 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus Kaempferia.We do not intend The Plant List to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. 5, 4365. J. Sci. Spray with pesticides as required. Considered one of several plants with the name Galangal, Kaempferia galanga actually has . S-YW, H-TX, UG, and BL conceived the presented research. J Ethnopharmacol. 11 (3-4), 97101. Indian J. Pharm. Sci. Front. Ginger is rich in various nutritions, hence the importance of medicine throughout history! J. Ethnopharmacol 8, 6596. Research links all three spices to similar health benefits. Antiangiogenic Effects and Mechanisms of Trans-ethyl P-Methoxycinnamate from Kaempferia Galanga L. J. Agric. In fact, recent research on galanga has found significant antimicrobial and antioxidant properties contained in the galanga plant flowers. Most are low growing which colorfully marked foliage. Wang SY, Zhao H, Xu HT, Han XD, Wu YS, Xu FF, Yang XB, Gransson U, Liu B. According to the previous reports, the extracts and active components of K. galanga showed potential inhibitory effects on many types of tumors, such as gastric cancer, colon carcinogenesis, oral cancer and multiple myeloma. -, Ali M. S., Dash P. R., Nasrin M. (2015). Thicken the Stomach Wall Kaempferol (58) was investigated for the effect on tyrosinase activity, melanin content, and cell proliferation in human normal melanocytes. The renowned practitioner of Hildegard Medicine, Dr. Wighard Strehlow. 23 (1), 1722. 140, 294302. Thus, the chemical studies on the leaves of this plant are necessary to strengthen. Vittalrao, A. M., Shanbhag, T., Kumari, M., Bairy, K. L., and Shenoy, S. (2011). This mineral is required in small amounts to aid metabolism and aids in activating enzymes, especially protein digestion, for smooth digestion of any food we intake. Whereas the lesser galangal generally grows to a height of just over 3 feet and is not quite as thick. The information and data on K. galanga were collated from various resources like ethnobotanical textbooks and literature databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Wiley, Springer, Tailor and Francis, Scopus, Inflibnet, Google and Google Scholar. This herb is fitted to be consumed by children who have some problems with their appetite. The concentration of 34 in the receptor solution was determined by HPLC, and it also displayed a certain extent of sunscreen efficacy. doi:10.7454/uiphm.v1i0.35, Tewtrakul, S., Uuenyongsawad, S., Kummee, S., and Atsawajaruwan, L. (2005). However, it grows quite well in moisture-retentive and well-drained neutral to slightly acidic soil. 253, 112667. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112667, Lakshmanan, D., Werngren, J., Jose, L., Suja, K. P., Nair, M. S., Varma, R. L., et al. 33 (4), 16591664. Photos by Michelle Davis and Alani Davis. The MTT assay showed 34 could exert potent cytotoxicity in HSC-3 (IC50 = 0.075mg/ml) and Ca922 (IC50 = 0.085mg/ml) cell lines (Ichwan et al., 2019). THAI HERBS Krachai in Thai language refers to Kaempferia Galanga, so the real translation for this Thai root (Krachaidam) in English is Black Galanga and not Black Gingerwhich unfortunately most people like to refer to it as.It is recognised as one of the 5 economically important Thai Herbs in the country. Masters thesis. If you asked Hidlegard, what is galanga?, she might have told you, its the miracle root.. 16 (2), 24. Chin. Kaemgalangol A: Unusual Seco-Isopimarane Diterpenoid from Aromatic Ginger Kaempferia Galanga. Since galangal root is a sturdy and robust plant that can last a long time in your pantry or refrigerator, the easiest and most common way to realize the health benefits of galangal is to simply include it as a reliable kitchen spice. Pharm. Among them, 2729 were hydroxybenzoic acids, and 3537 were hydroxycinnamic derivatives. Ayurvedic Drugs and Their Plant Sources. Epub 2020 Mar 2. (2017). The release of IL-6, IL-8, IL-1 and TNF- significantly decreased at the dose of 40mol/L (Zhou et al., 2015). Although this finding is interesting, its unclear whether the effect was due to galangal root or pomegranate fruit extract. The entire plant contains many beneficial properties. Yet, theres currently scant research on the safety or potential side effects of larger doses, such as those found in supplements. Anticholangiocarcinoma Activity and Toxicity of the Kaempferia Galanga Linn. A bounty of natural medicine. Here are 10 science-based benefits of golden milk. (2015). The plant is a tropical one and will not tolerate any frost. Received: 03 March 2021; Accepted: 23 August 2021;Published: 19 October 2021. Molecular docking assay was used to investigate the effect of 92 as coronavirus polymerase (RdRp) inhibitor, and the results showed its potential anti-coronavirus activity with the binding energies showed 5.54kcal/mol. With 49 different genera, biodiversity within the galangal genus is large. 125, 454461. Chemical structures of main volatile components in K. galanga. Res. Bookshelf Therefore, K. galanga is safe for the vital organs during treatment depending on the above toxicological studies. (2016). Am. The cryogenic temperatures kill this plant, but if you do live in an area with weather below 32 degrees Fahrenheit, worry not! Chin. Alpinia officinarum, or lesser galangal; Boesenbergia rotunda, also called Chinese ginger or fingerroot; Kaempferia galanga, also called kencur, black galangal or sand ginger; The term galingale is sometimes also used for the rhizome of the unrelated sweet cyperus (Cyperus longus), traditionally used as a folk medicine in Europe. doi:10.1080/0972060X.2009.10643739. Modern medical research on galangalis also continuing to confirm the healing powers of galangal as well as identify new potential. Of the vital minerals, magnesium is quite abundant in Kaempferia Galanga. (2020). doi:10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.5(9).3864-68, El-Aziz Abd, N. M., Mohamed, G. S., Awad, O. M. E., and El-Sohaimy, S. A. Structures of polysaccharides and other compounds isolated from K. galanga . In her Causae et Curae, Hildegards first entry on galangal describes a wine mixture used to moderate fevers, balance bodily humours, and strengthen a weakened heart. Warrier, P. K., Nambiar, V. P. K., and Ramankutty, C. (1995). Before The more detailed pharmacological reviews were as follows. J. Pharm. Sci. Identify potential full-texts of eligible papers, and check additional and unpublished citations for all relevant references. Both of these help our body protect vital organs and maintain the structure. 16 (4), 21152121. 3 (6), 675678. Res. Kaempferide (60) could prevent osteolysis induced by titanium particle and inhibit osteoclast genesis in mice at 12.5M, indicating a potential agent with anti-osteoporosis activity (Jiao et al., 2017). Linear diarylheptanoids occurred frequently in plants of Zingiberaceae family, and all the diarylheptanoids isolated from K. galanga were linear. In addition, it has been used widely as spices since its highly aromas. Biochem. Chem. DrugBank Accession Number. It is native to India and distributed in China, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Japan, Thailand, Indonesia, Malaysia, Vietnam, Laos, Sudan, Nigeria and South Africa. Biomed. 10.1186/s12906-017-1713-4 10 Ways to Boost Male Fertility and Increase Sperm Count, Why Turmeric and Black Pepper Is a Powerful Combination. Keep the soil moist and the plant well-watered. Zhang, G. Z., Meng, Q. H., and Zou, J. This species prefers light-moderate shade. The results demonstrated that 34 had a significant anti-tuberculosis activity, and its MIC values were in the range of 0.2420.485mM. For further improving the species, the following aspects also need to be paid attention to. Kaempferia pulchra 'Roscoe' is now considered a large white-flowered form of Kaempferia pulchra, but at one time was distributed as K. roscoeana, which is a different plant. Sci. Kaempferia galanga is an important medicinal plant and has been traditionally used to help restlessness, stress, anxiety, depression etc. Toxicity of Crude Rhizome Extract of Kaempferia Galanga L. (Proh Hom). doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2015.06.013. Med. Kaempferia is a genus in the Zingiberaceae family found in southern & southeastern Asia. Study on the Anti-carcinogenic Effects of Three Compounds in Kaempferia Galanga L. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 31 (4), 247251. This article reviews the benefits and safety of galangal root and compares it with ginger and turmeric. Singh A, Singh N, Singh S, Srivastava RP, Singh L, Verma PC, Devkota HP, Rahman LU, Kumar Rajak B, Singh A, Saxena G. Front Pharmacol. B., Sadikun, A., Altaf, R., and Iqbal, M. A. J. Essent. Mustafa, M. R., Mustafa, A. M., and Hashim, S. (1996). doi:10.1021/jf304169j, Hirschhorn, H. H. (1983). This site needs JavaScript to work properly. doi:10.1080/10496475.2020.1777614, Parjo, N. B., Mohamed Zulkifli, R., Md Salleh, M., and Tencomnao, T. (2018). Masters thesis. (2009). The greater galangal stands over 6 feet in height. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.010, Jiao, Z., Xu, W., Zheng, J., Shen, P., Qin, A., Zhang, S., et al. 194, 434439. Particularly, during the middle ages. Modern medical research continues to explore the numerous healing properties of galangal. Seeds can be planted regularly but beware; they are toxic if ingested. Active organic compounds found in the galangal plant include: flavonoids, tannins, anti-oxidants, and essential oils. Both types of galangal are noticeably more dense than ginger. Simply, add fried cuttings of this ginger in the end. 150, 7379. The thick, rounded leaves usually lay flat in a rosette on the ground. Food Chem. Kaempferia pulchra a form known as mansonii, which doesn't seem to be a published variety or subspecies, quickly grows into dense clumps. 2011) and is used as one of the traditional cuisine ingredients . 6 (5), 172177. doi:10.1007/s11010-018-3398-5, Han, H. M., Nan, Y. P., Zhao, Z. M., Zhu, L. P., Cen, S., He, G. R., et al. FOIA Inhibitory Activity of Kaempferia Galanga and Hibiscus sabdariffa on the Rate of PGH2 Formation. This selection retains foliage longer & if protected is semi evergreen. Kaempferol Derivatives as Antiviral Drugs against the 3a Channel Protein of Coronavirus. Saputri, F. C., and Avatara, C. (2018). Conclusion: Kaempferia galanga is used as an entheogen and aphrodisiac in New Guinea. Chemical characteristics of K. galanga showed the existence of various types of secondary metabolites such as terpenoids, phenolics, cyclic dipeptides, diarylhaptanoids, flavonoids, polysaccharides, and essential oils. J. Agric. (2019). In conclusion, although previous research works have provided various information of K. galanga, more in-depth studies are still necessary to systemically evaluate phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, toxicity and quality control of this herb. Chin. Yet, more studies have analyzed the effects of ginger and turmeric than those of galangal root. (2011). Flowers either emerge in the spring just prior to the foliage or with the foliage continuing flowering through the summer. Findour recipes forHildegards galangal wine and how to makegalangal tea below. (2020). 26 (6), 196198. There has been much confusion caused by clones of K. pulchra distributed as K. roscoeana and there are several clones distributed as K. pulchra 'Roscoe' as well. Phosphorus is the second most abundantly available essential mineral in aromatic ginger, with the first being potassium. J. Ethnopharmacol. J Ethnopharmacol. Leaves emerge heavily pigmented but these mature to predominately green with a series of brown/black eyelash marks. Replant the herb indoors during winter if you would like it to keep growing. Hepatoprotection by Kaempferia Galanga against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Liver Damage in Rats. It also called sand ginger, aromatic ginger in different areas. Epub 2022 May 21. Proteomic Characterization of Medicinal Plants Used in the Treatment of Diabetes. In Malaysia, K. galanga was also applied for abdominal pain and postpartum care in woman (Hirschhorn, 1983). The soil can either be clay, sandy, or loamy. 133, 17211737. 45 (4), 847861. Technol. The forty-nine phytochemicals including esters, terpenoids, flavonoids, thiourea derivatives, polysaccharides, diarylheptanoids, phenolic acids, phenolic glycoside and cyclic lipodepsipeptide have been hitherto isolated and characterized. This review provides a current data on diversity, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and traditional uses of K. galanga. (2006). Afr. Food Ind. 23, 160163. Hardy to zone 7. 370 (1), 605618. Ethyl P-Methoxycinnamate Isolated from a Traditional Anti-tuberculosis Medicinal Herb Inhibits Drug Resistant Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis In Vitro. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.035. Furthermore, we will cover the the traditional uses of galanga, the health benefits of galanga, and how you can take galanga to improve your health. Other studies suggest it may fight breast, bile duct, skin, and liver cancer cells (12, 17, 18, 19, 20). National Library of Medicine Sunlight should be partial: you do not need to place it in direct sunlight. A total of 97 publications were collected after preliminary screening, among them, 24 publications used for traditional uses, 34 publications used for phytochemistry, 39 publications used for pharmacological activities. eCollection 2023. Every species in the genus is prized for the highly aromatic rhizome, which is used to flavor rice, and as a medicine. So keep reading to learn all about this versatile healing plant! doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.09.026. 15 (7), 10321036. government site. Galangal and ginger are closely related, so it is no surprise that the health benefits of Galangal are very similar to thehealth benefits of ginger. Galangal is closely related to ginger and turmeric, and all three roots can be used fresh or dried to add flavor to your dishes. Li, X. J., Huang, Y. Y., Yang, Z., Wu, X., Zhuang, P. W., and Zhang, Y. J. Various studies demonstrated that the K. galanga and its constituents possess several pharmacological activities like antimicrobial, antioxidant, amebicidal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tuberculosis, anti-dengue, anti-nociceptive, anti-angiogenic, anticancer, hyperlipidemic, hypopigmentary, osteolysis, larvicidal, insecticidal and mosquito repellent, nematocidal, sedative, sniffing, vasorelaxant and wound healing. 12 (5), 21892194. Rahman, I., Kabir, T., Islam, N., Muqaddim, M., Sharmin, S., Ullah, M. S., et al. Galanga is also quite powerful.