Redevelopment of the waterfront was first publicly discussed in 1975. $150. [9] The creek's main channel was then fed by numerous smaller creeks, and was 24 fathoms (47m) deep. Over the following years, plans and costs were proposed and discussed but most lapsed without action. [17] At the opening a parcel was ceremonially landed from the barque Guiana. [1] [2] 1870-1876: Early years [ edit] Another 457mm steam locomotive, Bill, is used for some of the year on a seafront rail line between Semaphore and Fort Glanville Conservation Park. [64], In 2021 the Newmarket Hotel in Port Adelaide was purchased for $4 million.[65]. The first training session of the newly formed club took place two days later. [101] The Semaphore Music Festival also holds events in the flour shed at Hart's Mill. This was replaced with the iron Jervois Bridge in 1878; It was named by Sir William Jervois after himself. [148], Rail transport in the 21st century uses the Port Adelaide railway station which has two elevated platforms located on a viaduct, built in 1919. On site is the South Australian Heritage Register listed Port Dock Goods Shed, the last remaining building from the former railway station. Sculpted in 2009 by Michelle Nikou and Jason Milanovic, the glow-in-the-dark sculptures[97] of ibis and emu are representations of the Tjilbruke Kaurna Dreaming story. Grapes can be sourced from both the Clare Valley and Adelaide Hills regions.. Use . St Kilda Saints 1886 to 1892 guernsey. It is also the namesake of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council, a suburb, a federal and state electoral division and is the main port for the city of Adelaide. The Collingwood Magpies protested this, although Port was allowed to wear the prison bars for a 2020game against the Crows to mark their 150th anniversary. [32] Much of this land was a tidal mangrove swamp, being reclaimed by successive owners over many decades. The Islands national repository of records on all aspects of Jerseys history, Explore our collections from wherever you are in world, Discover the story behind some of the objects and archives in our collection, Discover the Island's collection of objects, artefacts and artwork, Explore our historic environment, this page includes how to report a find, All the castles and museums are open and we're looking forward to seeing you. In 2005 the road portion of the Port River Expressway was completed. A sports lover's dream. The building was converted to retail shops in 1884 and the Central Hotel erected on the south side. [111] It had won 34 SANFL Premierships before its move to the AFL. New. Stores and prices for '1975 Hardy's HRB Heritage Reserve . The Port Adelaide Football Club is extremely disappointed with this decision. [74], Two six-room houses were built on the corner of Cannon Street and Church Place in 1873. [16], When founded, the port's land was just higher than the surrounding tidal flats; at high tide the port could be rowed around. It was bought by Birks Chemists in 1946, and remained a pharmacy until 1996. But the AFL confirmed it had not given them permission this timebecause of the existing agreements between the league, Port and Collingwood. (1974), The Hunter (2008).[108]. Les meilleures offres pour Vintage Port Power Boxer Shorts Small Mens Adelaide AFL 1990s Satin Silk sont sur eBay Comparez les prix et les spcificits des produits neufs et d'occasion Pleins d'articles en livraison gratuite! [79], From 1838 to 1906, sixty differently named hotels had been run on 38 different sites within Port Adelaide. The new port was used for shipping later that month, and passengers began disembarking the next. Apr 30, 2007, 7:45pm. Techport features the largest ship lift in the Southern Hemisphere. It opened 1847 as a single storey building, and was rebuilt with two further storeys in 1876 for then-owner Henry Ayers. AU $75.00. Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Adelaide Crows 2006 Heritage Guernsey at the best online prices at eBay! [37] Birkenhead Bridge, the first bascule bridge in Australia, opened in 1940. It is currently occupied by Vitalstatistix. Port Adelaide: Joined AFL : 1997 . [19] This early port was plagued by mosquitoes, was a comparative long distance from Adelaide, had few amenities and had a risk of inundation when the tide was very high. Port Adelaide Limited Series 32 iPhone Tough Case By janastefan $41.89 AFL Essendon Jersey iPhone Tough Case By hillarymoore06 $44.78 Port Adelaide FC iPhone Tough Case By MaluidRed $34.67 Every Heart Beats True For The Red and the Blue iPhone Tough Case By KeenEyeDe $36.98 I love Carlton iPhone Tough Case By KeenEyeDe $36.98 It was built in the 1870s and showcases the wooden construction techniques used by the South Australian Railways in the 19th century. This is Port Adelaide! The club unveiled the new jumper and associated merchandise this week ahead of their clash with Fremantle on May 30. In December 2016 the Fisherman's Wharf Market building was scheduled to be demolished for the construction of apartments and a public plaza. The town received its first electric lighting in January 1889, lit with the colony's first town supply from a powerhouse in Nile Street. Melbourne Storm 1998 Heritage Vintage NRL ARL Retro Rugby League Jersey. [61], In January 2020 the first instance of a house to selling for $1 million in the suburb of Port Adelaide was recorded. [53] The development was later renamed Fletcher's Slip after a nearby historic landmark. This collection was formerly held by the National Motor Museum in Birdwood. The main strip of Port Adelaide is along St Vincent Street, with a residential area to the south of the train station along Commercial Road and Webb Street. The Council area is divided into seven wards that span across 51 suburbs[112] and the Mayor as of July 2021[update] is Claire Boan. Port Adelaide has a long-standing tradition of social reform and progressive movements. It was known from c. 19071952 as "McGraths British Hotel". Power chief executive John James said the club was waiting for confirmation from the AFL that it could wear its 1970s black-and-white 'prison bar' guernsey for the match against the Western Bulldogs. The Austbuilt Maritime Museum, operated by the Port Adelaide Historical Society, is located on Fletcher Road, Peterhead. This development was stated to be worth $1.5billion and would comprise 2000 homes, construction of which would create 4000 jobs. [120], The museum is an independent entity, run by volunteers and a small paid staff. Places to visit Elizabeth Castle Port Adelaide grew from the construction of Commercial Road across the tidal flats to join the "Road to the Port" at Alberton which connected to the McLaren Wharf (named after the manager of the South Australian Company) and what was the deeper water which would become Port Adelaide's Inner Harbor.Running from this wharf was a bridge (the first It is too important to our people and our club," he said. Adelaide 36ers 22/23 Heritage Shorts. Along with the wharf they were to construct a warehouse and roadway. They had to land at Holdfast Bay until the port was charted. A collection of rockets from Woomera was received for display in 1996. Shorts - black with silver, white, black and teal trim. North Queensland Cowboys 1995 Retro Jersey $129.00. They were converted into a single building and opened as the Kent Hotel in 1875. Port Adelaide FC 1977 Heritage Guernsey signed By every player and . Recently Port Adelaide has had a strong tradition of helping support local indigenous populations with Kura Yerlo Community Centre and other indigenous programs. "We aren't asking to wear it as a regular home or away guernsey or even outside of South Australia," he said. Koch said Port Adelaide'sfrustration "sits squarely with the AFL, not Collingwood" and he believedthe club's request was "reasonable". the Port Adelaide State Heritage Area being particularly important to the State's maritime history and it is the first of only 17 such sites in South Australia. The line was closed in November 2009 to enable upgrade work on the line, station and viaduct. [33], By the mid-1840s, with increasing trade, the wharves proved insufficient and some more private wharves were constructed. The Port Adelaide Historical Society has been working to preserve the history of the Port Adelaide region since 1972 Members receive our magazine, the Portonian, access to our collections & enjoy our member events. The construction of the Outer Harbor took place at the beginning of the 20th century, accommodating larger ships and reducing the time needed to sail up the Port River to the inner harbour. The building was renovated, part of it converted into a small brewery, and reopened as a hotel in 1986. [125] The Maritime Museum builds on the legacy of previous organisations including the Port Adelaide Institute. "Port Adelaide signed that agreement in good faith.". [5] At this time, it was inhabited by the Kaurna people, who occupied the Adelaide Plains, the Barossa Valley, the western side of the Fleurieu Peninsula, and northwards past Snowtown. All pre-orders are available for collection from the event only. Taken From "The District Of Adelaide, South Australia, As Divided Into Country Sections. Please . They still wear that strip at SANFL level, however, as they have since 1902. [143] To service the numerous stores and warehouses, many railway lines were built around the wharf areas, along streets, and connecting with the main lines from Adelaide. Port Adelaide were allowed to wear the jersey in an elimination final against Richmond in 2014 (Getty) . Cargo and passengers covered the remaining distance in ships' boats. The museum and these anchors form nodes along the Port Adelaide Anchor Trail, which was created in 2020. The first half of a book is organised by street and can help you to locate who was living in your house. Founded 175 years ago, Port Adelaide is one of South Australia's earliest settlements and became South Australia's first state heritage area in the 1980s. Adelaide 36ers 22/23 Heritage Jersey - Other Players. The second half of a book is an alphabetical listing similar to todays telephone directory which can help you to locate where a relative was living. The Australian Museum of Childhood displays a collection of toys that were manufactured in Australia from the 1890s onwards. Let's Keep Port Adelaide's Heritage. Earlier on Adelaide radio, Koch wasasked what would happen if the team just wore the prison bars in round eight without AFL permission and he was told they would forfeit points from the game. eBayPlus ebay plus ebay plus. Port Adelaide Library - Monday afternoon Greenacres, Parks and Enfield Library - Wednesday afternoon It has the longest licensing history in the suburb, though discontinuous. [13] After initial trepidation, he reported to the Colonisation Commissioners that the location was a suitable harbour. [73] Railway Hotel opened in 1856 opposite the new Port Adelaide railway station, a month before the line to Adelaide was opened. Port Adelaide - Federal Electrorate. [12], Colonel William Light began closely exploring the area in late 1836 while deciding on a site for the colony of South Australia's port. Port Adelaide is a working seaport 14km north west of Adelaide. It was built opposite the then No. 1 Dock, alongside the 1879 extension to the South Australian Company basin. Your access to this service has been limited. Take a tour of La Hougue Bie with one of our volunteer guides. In March 2018, a representative and independent Port Adelaide Aboriginal Leadership Group comprising 9 independently elected members came together as a group for the first time to start a visioning and planning process to identify priority issues and opportunities for improving the safety, health and lives of Aboriginal families and their children . Historic buildings were closed and sometimes vandalised, shops in the main streets were left empty and boarded up. He kept Adelaide and the port separate principally due to the lack of fresh water at the port. The last major reclamation was of the Glanville Reserve in 1892. Log in. Bub, a 457mm steam locomotive, and Ken, a 457mm diesel locomotive, take passengers on a loop track around the two main pavilions. The line and station re-opened in 2010. It houses an extensive collection of maritime memorabilia accumulated by the late Keith Le Leu, who famously bought the steam tug Fearless for $1 in Brisbane in 1972 and steamed it to Adelaide. [69], The British hotel is the longest continually licensed. The last silent cop (1939-1968) stands in the centre of it all as a Leyland bus jostles with various car models of Holden, Ford, Austin, Vauxhall and Chevrolet [145] This line was built in 1,600mm (5ft3in) broad gauge to accommodate steam locomotives. Traditionally, like all of Adelaide, this is the home of the Kaurna people. Department for Environment and Water By the years end deficiencies of the canal were clear. [115], Tauondi Aboriginal College is located at 1 Lipson Street. [96], There are several public artworks in Port Adelaide, including Glow / Taltaityai, at the western end of Walter Morris Drive. Genl." [139], At the opening of both bridges Rann unveiled a plaque dedicated to Mary Mackillop blessed by Pope Benedict during his recent visit to Sydney. If you are a WordPress user with administrative privileges on this site please enter your email in the box below and click "Send". Lot 123 Portland Estate was demolished when Grand Junction road was extended. [86], Port Adelaide is home to various markets including the Torrens Island Food Market and the Fishermen's Wharf Market which is housed in Shed 1, the last remaining Wharf Shed in the inner Port Adelaide harbour. During reclamation work, the ground level was raised by approximately 9 feet (3m), with mud and silt from dredging work. The building's exterior was restyled in Art Deco fashion in the 1940s and the interior of the hotel completely renovated in the 1990s. Port Adelaide Lip Balm. The horse-drawn railway line was postponed and when gold was discovered in Victoria the local . "Collingwood Football Club has made it clear that, at this time, it does not agree to further use of the guernsey by PAFC including in 'Showdown'matches against Adelaide Crows.". [56] In 2021 this building was purchased by Centuria for $63 million. In 1982 a considerable part of the town was declared a State Heritage Area. Melbourne Storm 1998 Heritage Vintage NRL Retro Rugby League Jersey. Generated by Wordfence at Sat, 4 Mar 2023 14:15:14 GMT.Your computer's time: document.write(new Date().toUTCString());. The club is still represented by its reserves team in the SANFL. $129.95. [70] Dockside Tavern is one of the few Late Victorian style buildings remaining in the Port. The hotel's name was changed to the current one in 1981. The most recent is a $2 million refurbishment of the Hart's Mill precinct at Port Adelaide, opened in May 2014. Its Kaurna name, although not officially adopted as a dual name, is Yartapuulti. AFL PORT ADELAIDE Power Team Logo Heritage Metal Keyring - $16.95. [45] Activity in the suburb has declined significantly from its heyday, leaving parts empty and derelict. Port Adelaide is a port-side region of Adelaide, approximately 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) northwest of the Adelaide CBD. Broncos football boss Ben Ikin. [11] Dry and solid land ended near present-day Alberton. $19.95 inc GST(10%) Sale. [27], The port's initial location was intended to be temporary. Port Adelaide is known for its well preserved 19th-century pubs and hotels, reflecting the area's maritime history in catering to the sailors of trading ships. New Products. [40] In 1883 the Port Adelaide Caledonian Society was founded and continues to this day. [100] The largest music festival in Port Adelaide is St Jerome's Laneway Festival. [38][39] Beginning in the 1880s a strong Scandinavian community lived in Port Adelaide largely due to their affiliation with sea-faring trades. This 1939 concrete silent cop became a target for Australian Rules Football rivalry when, in 1946, it was painted during the night in the opposing colours of a long-time opponent of the Port Adelaide Football Club, the Magpies. An exhibition exploring how the right to protest has shaped and influenced the Island that we know today. [67], The earliest recorded was the Port Hotel. resting place of the Black Diamond silent cop, on the corner of Commercial Road and North Parade on the footpath in front of the old Customs House, after at least seven moves from its original site on the intersection. $6 . The club also won the Champions of Australia competition on a record four occasions. Moderation Policy. [118] A significant change in 2001 was the opening of the Commonwealth Railways display pavilion. So, today, itsproudly home to South Australias largest collection ofearly colonial buildings and is a state heritage area. It was renamed as the Dockside Tavern in 2002. Port Adelaide prison bar Heritage jumper Afl Brand new old stock . During the 1920s it became a pharmacy specialising in photographic materials and "Kirby's Calcarea Teething Powders". It was renamed as the Family Hotel in 1876, then as the Black Diamond Hotel c. 1878. "This is a decision for the fans, the most important stakeholders in our game. It is a 5.5 kilometres (3.4mi) freeway-grade road, which links Port Adelaide and the Lefevre Peninsula to the northern suburbs of Adelaide, and major interstate routes via Salisbury Highway.[151]. Grand, imposing buildings line the streets, withmost of them erected during Port Adelaidesseminal years in the mid and late 1800s. Trade Assistant, Sales Assistant, Fulfillment Associate and more on Indeed.com Port Adelaide chairman DavidKoch said he was frustrated by the AFL's refusal to give the club permission to wear theguernsey against the Crows. Involvement of the History Trust of South Australia and receipt of a $2million Australian Bicentennial Commemorative Grant enabled the museum's relocation to Port Adelaide in 1988. After being allowed to wear it once last year, the fight kicked off again later in 2020when Port fans petitioned for the team to wear it in every Showdown, but then-Collingwood president Eddie McGuire put his foot down, referring the matter to the AFL's legal department. Both former Prime Minister Bob Hawke and local Member of Parliament Mick Young used to talk to workers at the pub. [92] Modernist painter Margaret Preston was born in Port Adelaide and spent the first 10 years of her life in the area whilst her father worked as a marine engineer. The Port Adelaide Football Club assists to advance the lives of disadvantaged and discriminated indigenous peoples and youth. The two streets cross and became over the years the town centre and represented the commercial heart of the Port. It remained in place until 1968 when traffic lights were installed to control the ever-increasing vehicular traffic. Create account. [140], The Port Adelaide and Le Fevre Peninsula Ferry Co began operations in 1877, ferrying passengers from the end of Commercial Road to the other side of the river. This edition is a stunning tribute to Port Adelaide Football Club's 150-year history, steeped in tradition, success and heritage, the famous retrospective reproduction Port Adelaide woollen jumper worn as early as 1902 is an iconic piece of Port Adelaide Football Club folklore. [6] The Kaurna people called the Port Adelaide area Yartapuulti,[7] and the whole estuarine area of the Port River Yertabulti (Yerta Bulti), meaning "land of sleep or death". Official NBL Store. You will then receive an email that helps you regain access. Part of the building was later adapted to make a 17-room hotel, the Newmarket. Port Adelaide is located about 15km north west of the city centre, not quite on the beach, but instead on the banks of the Port River. [25] Seagoing ships had to stop some distance from the settlement due to the mudbanks. [5] Early houses had their ground floors below the now raised ground level; some had steps built down from road level. Jervois Bridge was an opening bridge first operated by horse power, and later by mechanical means. Heritage Round was a designated Round each season to celebrate the history of clubs, held from 2003 to 2007. [68] Three years later the First Commercial Inn opened. . Update your browser to view this website correctly. Map Of Port Adelaide, Section 2112 B. The local council estimated that less than half of finished properties were occupied. Members area. This first wharf was built near the end of the modern Commercial Road.[29]. Officially established in 1840, only four years after the foundation of South Australia, Port Adelaide played an integral role in the colonial development of South Australia. [58], In 2018, Pirate Life Breweries announced it would be relocating in Port Adelaide into a $15m refurbished warehouse. TROVE newspapers online is an initiative of the National Library of Australia and each States State Library to digitise Australian Newspapers up until 1954. [138] It was built at the same time as an adjacent rail crossing, the Mary MacKillop Bridge. It was first settled by Europeans in 1837, just days after the initial landing in Glenelg. Cart / $ 0.00 0. Replacement was made in 1939 with a permanent concrete cop painted in black and white with Keep Left marked on it. Let's Keep Port Adelaide's Heritage It is also the namesake of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council, a suburb, a federal and state electoral division and is the main port for the city of Adelaide. Febry 18th, 1839. The Museum holds in trust, a collection that the Institute founded in 1872 and is now the oldest nautical collection in Australia. Port Adelaide Power Heritage Key Rack. As vessels within the Port fell into disrepair . "We are requesting to wear this guernsey only in Showdowns, to celebrate the heritage of our Club and our contribution to South Australian football. Port Adelaide chairman David Koch says he has been threatened with a fine and competition points deduction over the guernsey stoush. [12] The wharf, warehouse and road were opened by Governor Gawler in October 1840. The pandemonium created at the busy peak hours around the Black Diamond corner. These places include: Well use your feedback to improve our website, but please note that we cant respond directly. Official Colours : Jumper - black with white & teal vees. Port Adelaide played an important role in the formative decades of Adelaide and South Australia, with the port being early Adelaide's main supply and information link to the rest of the world. The actual City of Port Adelaide is located on the port's inner harbour. We consulted on the draft PAE Built Heritage Strategy between 8 April 2022 and 15 May 2022. One reason for the chosen site was Gawler's instructions on leaving England to limit expenditure; the North Arm site would have required more transport infrastructure and reclamation work. Access from your area has been temporarily limited for security reasons. A frustrated Port Adelaide say their heritage is being tarnished by the AFL's refusal to allow the historical 'prison bars' jumper. The river was first crossed with a wooden bridge in the 1850s. The Railway Hotel, Port Adelaide c.1850. Go on a Heritage Self-Guided Walking Tour around the streets of Port Adelaide, walk on the wild side with a Ghost Crime Tour, or take a cultural walk on the loop path interpretive trail. [131], In 1991 the State Historical Aviation Collection became part of the museum. The roadway was to be a 100 feet (30m) wide and run from the port to dry land, a distance of approximately 1 mile (1.6km). By this time it had acquired the name "the port creek". . If you think you have been blocked in error, contact the owner of this site for assistance. $29.95 inc GST(10%) Port Adelaide Power Wall Flag. [126][127][128], The City of Adelaide has a strong connection with South Australia, to which she made 23 voyages between 1864 and 1886, bringing an estimated 889 passengers who came to settle in South Australia. 2004 Heritage Round [ edit] The second Heritage Round in 2004 saw all sixteen teams wear a heritage guernsey. Contact the Port Store on 08 8447 9911 to reserve your guernsey. The final (?) See all condition definitions Team: Port Adelaide wore their Clash jumper in 2006 as they played St.Kilda as the Away team in Tasmania ; 2003 Based on Port Adelaide Magpies jumper from 1914, when they were Champions of Australia: 2004 Based on original Port Adelaide jumper. After this the building was used as a furniture shop and a butcher's shop. Hart's Mill, Mundy Street, Port Adelaide SA 5015, Australia. The "Walk The Port" self-guided heritage walking tour has over 40 points of interest, including 17 heritage listed buildings so grab the FREE "Walk The Port" map and hit the streets to discover Port Adelaide's colourful history! Medical suites were leased upstairs. Date Listed: 4 minutes ago; Last Edited: 4 minutes ago; Condition: New; . Critics have scored this wine 92 points. Port Adelaide is home to the Port Adelaide Football Club, an Australian rules football team. FREE SHIPPING FOR ALL ORDERS OVER $99; FREE SHIPPING FOR ALL ORDERS OVER $99; Products search. From The Trigonometrical Surveys Of Colonel Light, Late Survr. Port Adelaide Logo Polo $50.00. [150] The Labor State Government promised that the Glenelg tram line would be extended down Port Road as far as Port Adelaide by 2018. [107] Youth on the March (2017), Who Killed Jenny Langby? [51] However, during that year, the newly elected Liberal Party government scrapped the tram network expansion. [135], The first transport infrastructure in the suburb was the construction of a 1 mile (1.6km) long road from the port to near the present Alberton Hotel. . $100.00. Bookings: http://cityofpae.evanced.info/signup (Search events by history). "This is a guernsey of great significance to Port Adelaide, South Australian football and ultimately Australian football. Port Adelaide is South Australia's first state heritage area and contains South Australia's most substantial and continuous group of colonial buildings, many of which were directly associated with Port Adelaide's function as the state's major port. [55], In 2017 developer EPC Pacific began construction of a $38 million office tower on Nelson Street in Port Adelaide that will house public servants. The Power famously donned their heritage jumper to sing the team song after the win over the Crows in 2021 - despite being banned from wearing it by the AFL. Somewhat fortuitously, tough economic times in the late 1800s meant Port Adelaide missed out on being in-filled with Victorian architecture. [93] The diverse subject matter in the Port Adelaide region has proved attractive to painters and artists such as John Giles. It opened in 1838, two years before the port was officially declared. On this site the Carpenters' Arms Tavern opened in late 1850. After a 14-year campaign the City of Adelaide Preservation Trust was successful in its bid to return the historic 1864 clipper City of Adelaide from Scotland to Port Adelaide, where she finally arrived in the inner harbour on 6 February 2014. "This issue isn't going away. 1840 1860 Finalisation of Wharf locations, 2010 present Port Adelaide renaissance, South Australian Land Titles Office Register Book 21, Folio 361, South Australian National Football League, "Electoral district profiles Port Adelaide (20182022 boundaries)", "Profile of the electoral division of Hindmarsh (SA)", "Search result for " Port Adelaide (SUB)" (Record no SA0040448) with the following layers selected "Suburbs and Localities", "Chapter 10. It opened in 1878 in what had been a butcher's shop. Early exportswere silver-lead ore from Glen Osmond (the firstmetal mined in Australia), copper from Moonta, wooland breadstuffs. It was replaced with a fixed bridge in the same position in 1969, when there was no longer a need for small boats to pass. A medieval castle with links to the English Crown and amazing views across to France. The Port Admiral Hotel's original ground floor now forms part of its basement. FOR SALE! [49] By 2008 reports showed the resale value of some properties in the developments were under the initial cost. All rights reserved. To treat our fans and the heritage of our club in this way is disappointing.". Come for a wander and explore Ports historic past. [141], In April 1856 a rail line reached the port, crossing the almost empty plain from Adelaide. This site will not be fully functional The river also features established colonies of a wide variety of introduced marine organisms which originally arrived in South Australia in or on ships. Buy and sell almost anything on Gumtree classifieds. Adelaide 36ers 22/23 Youth Heritage Jersey - Kai Sotto. Copyright We aren't asking to wear it as a regular home or away guernsey or even outside of South Australia.
Payday 2 Boiling Point Briefcase Location,
Chandler, Az Funeral Homes,
Stipulation And Order Family Law,
Articles P