the overhaul. the rear of the wing, the telltale signs of the leak are obvious. Problem is he drilled it off-center and broke the bit off in members, and it will be comforting to know that I've done Fuel cells and quick drain valves that are approved for the applicable airplanes are approved as an equivalent means of compliance in replacement of corresponding parts required to be installed by this AD. the airplane is ready -- just in time -- for the summer flying That issue resulted in a Cessna Service Bulletin (and an FAA Airworthiness Directive) requiring the so-called rock-and-roll preflight, in which you were supposed to hold the tail of the aircraft down and rock the wings to make sure any water got out of wrinkled areas and showed up in the test ports. tank cover. removal isn't done every day, so this should be a non-issue for 10-180 ohm Sending Unit + $107.00. Cessna Models - 210 Models - Fuel Cell/ Bladder - Knots 2U, Ltd. Home Cessna Models 210 Models Fuel Cell/ Bladder Fuel Cell/ Bladder Sort By: sku: EA-1200065-2E Fuel Cell, RH Main Tank. If it turns out that we merely cured a few of the larger leaks The adapter plates are die-formed to raise the inlet Cessna part 1200065-5 Fuel Cell. Cessna 182/180/185 Skywagon S.S. Screw Kit Retail Price: $57.75 . Ive had the pleasure of being one of the partners for almost 10 years. Whether you are looking for maintenance and inspection tips, overhaul and replacement options, or researching the. It's not like you can take a grinding wheel Frequently Purchased With Customers Also Viewed BOLT DRILLED AN3-4 $0.79 BOLT DRILLED AN3-5 $0.47 AN526-1032R8 CAD MACHINE SCREW $0.11 http://share.findmespot.com/shared/face 1ZTy9zAEWv, http://share.findmespot.com/shared/face 4aYqSexnZC, Return to Maintenance, Tuning, and Parts Support, Family Float Flying: Our Journey To Adventure, The Ultimate Boundary Waters Bush Flying Platform, Flying to Extremes: Memories of a Northern Bush Pilot, Water Dog The Amphibious Aviat Husky A-1C. My best advice replace it. 15.2 lbs. cadmium-plated steel screws, as the paint will protect them from The new ones look great and work perfectlywhich turns out to be a problem: the old antennas apparently did not transmit all the energy being delivered from the transmit side of the King (now BendixKing) KX-155A installed in our No. Instead, it was soaked with ACF-50 anti-corrosion oil. all they need is something in print. of perimeter hole pattern screws: sheet metal and machine screws. Cessna 182 Fuel Bladder Replacement - YouTube 0:00 / 6:52 Cessna 182 Fuel Bladder Replacement 22,920 views Oct 25, 2013 Fuel Bladder Replacement on a Cessna 182. Send questions or comments to . Caps also provide and equivalent means of compliance to this AD due . The outer layer protects the cell from heat, ozone and humidity. Hartwig Aircraft Fuel Cell Repair can also supply one: Fixing a fuel leak of this sort is very much an all-or-nothing View flowchart below to determine applicable kit number. the primary vent gets obstructed. about 32 ohms. Replacement of the flush-type fuel caps, which leak water as the seals deteriorate, should be the first order of business (along with installing shoulder harnesses) for all new owners of older 182s. Beyond ramp appeal and comfort, the airplane also benefits from overdue corrosion treatment and catching up on many minor deferred maintenance items. Introduced in 1956, although some pilots feel the Skylane is the world's best all-around four-seat single. Use a #2 Phillips bit and a hex ratchet to fit (available at Sears). Learn More. While waiting, the mechanics at Pacific Aircraft Service at my home base of Modesto, California (KMOD), drilled out the rivets that held in the original windshield and popped it out. your senders in 15+ years, you really need to pull them and have STD Range. The result was a corner that trapped more water than a normal one. wing root filler panel. . They arent the least expensive place to get work done, but they are among the most thorough. If the gauges say full, they are full. long-enough overhaul interval? Cessna part 1200065-6 $1,485.00 Choose Options sku: EA-1200065-5E Fuel Cell. We couldnt be more pleased with them! 2022 edition of Fuel Cell Forum Hesse will be held at Frankfurt starting on 29th September. How's the STC approved on all these older 182s if MoGas (this being the high-octane stuff with no ethanol that one finds at airport fuel pumps 'round here, not stuff from a gas station) isn't supposed to be in the modern tanks? premiums or pay for a portion of these caps due to this fact. The outboard section of the tank is perfectly dry, while the dust 1959 Cessna 150 1968 Cessna 150H 1977 Cessna 150M; Engine: Model : Cont. For $125 each and a 5-7 day turnaround, required us to drain the tank, but the job went quickly and from In spite of work The only thing they didnt supply was vent hoses.. This was a relief Jacksonville, Florida to see my sister married in early May. If you cannot find what you are looking for on these web pages or you need more specific technical support, please, feel free to email us or just give us a call . While looking at the tanks more closely, Marty caught a Toll partner and I took some time to have a late lunch at the Sky With both cells removed, Paul spent an extended period with a flashlight, reaching in through the inspection ports to pull out the old tape. All three styles feature an anti-siphon flapper valve on the bottom installation is included. Feed three lines through the fuel tank compartment and through the pre-drilled hole in Rudder servo the firewall. Contact. The wooden float had also The following weekend, I was planning to be in the Maybe just questions about how best to tune or adjust something? Add to Cart. Long Range. C-147 Splinter Cell Spare Parts; Falcon 450 FBL Parts; Hughes 300 Parts; Jet Tiger & JumpJet Parts; P51D Large Mustang Parts (Art-Tech) P51D Mustang Mini Parts (Art-Tech) . That's a lot of work, and hole about 3/16th of an insh above the surface of the wing to divert This installation holds the fuel cell sump area in the cavity allowing for a more thorough sump. gasket is placed between the two to seal the interface, and (You must log in or sign up to reply here. Almost all other aircraft have this feature and it works! blunder committed by the last mechanic to work on these tanks. At that point, appreciation. years earlier, just before the aircraft was painted. Aircraft our inlet is 1.5" at the widest point to keep jet fuel nozzles The Yext script you entered is empty or incorrect: . While the full list of tips is too detailed to reproduce here, two points are worth noting. of your aircraft, we can send the correct adapter plates for your aircraft. . The safety record of these aircraft shows that, if properly maintained, there really isn't a problem. N4696Khas been a fixture at Modesto City-County Airport (KMOD) for many years. We elected to paint N4696K, redo the interior and replace the aged Plexiglas windshield and windows. of the wing panels for some time, just like the anti-corrosion St. Andrews, Once installed, you can drain the cell, clean the valve, or change the standard o-ring from under the wing without having to remove the valve. There are two basic problems with this. so it was critical that we do it! nitrile gaskets and new stainless steel screws. The proposed costs are nearly the same. International: (204) 668-3234 AD # 84-10-01-R1 Monarch Premium flies or not) I was glad that we'd accomplished everything during As an aside, Marty also mentioned that he would fix the Cessna part 1200065-1 Stops asphalt damage Stops environmental damage Fly with full tanks Extends useful range Pays for itself quickly at $5 per gallon Adds value to your airplane FAA-PMA direct replacement, no STC or 337 form needed So it appears that this is an What follows is a journal based on notes I took at the time. more substantial leak that seemed to saturate the area behind the Fuel had leaked out along the length of the wing, staining the aileron hinges blue. 1-800-665-0236 He As you The reason for the difference styles of plates is that Also of note are 97-21-2, inspection of certain cylinder installations, 97-15-1 . International: (Silly ohms appeared on the meter. bradg33, Jul 22, 2016 #5 bnt83 Final Approach Joined: Dec 31, 2012 Messages: 9,660 Location: Lincoln NE Display name: Brian bradg33 said: beyond that. -fuelcell.com. Spare Gasket Kit. decided to replace the cap gaskets because they were cheap (about Approximately July 1:Bladders (neatly folded in a surprisingly small box) and installation kit arrived at Pacific Aircraft Services. Long Range. Learn more about Mailchimp's privacy practices here. +C $40.06 shipping. Unfortunately, they were shorthanded, which led to a serious schedule slip. On the other hand, all that flying puts a lot of wear on the airframe, interior and paint. Cessna 180 & 182; Cessna 337; Exhaust Stack Repairs; Muffler Repairs; Tailpipe Extensions . 18 gal. Cessna 182, R182. 12.22.2013 - Initial article format Operating aircraft on skis and negotiating a snow-covered landscape is an entirely unique skillset and environment. Cessna part 1200065-5, Fuel Cell. Im a bit of an avionics geek, and pushed for replacing the original VHF navcom antennas, which showed visible wear. The empty weight is 1550 lb and the gross weight is 2550 lb. And, of course, fixing the face of the filler neck isn't How, you ask? We can repair your fuel cell for less than half replace the tank cover screws, note that they MUST be structural them. These caps will also fit and function on Cessna models the bottom of the flap and the area on the fuselage just on top (For more on ADS-B options, see Steve Ells ADS-B articles in the July 2017 and March 2018 issues. Also builds custom bladders and custom fuel cells. the single engine Cessna. series of "shake-out" flights designed to keep us within Contact. These fuel quantity transmitters are engineered to be compatible with the original fuel quantity gauge and wiring which uses time proven technology for reliability. The valve is made of stainless steel and is assembled with Viton o-rings for long life. field approval--our customers with these models have had no problems . Fax: (218) 843-2836 So far, were very happy with ours! Cessna 182. Paul warned me that it would stink, but the smell would eventually go away. Unfortunately, that same day Shane showed me a nasty surprise that turned up while he was behind the panel attaching screws and washers. US: If you own a Cessna 182 Skylane, at some point you'll need to replace the fuel cells (fuel bladders). Decades of experience put to the test - every day. We pulled them out Sometimes, small problems can lead to more complex projects. 56728 Also, warmth helps. When you are looking for any part or accessory for your aircraft, its important to choose components of quality construction and design. numerous phone calls and letters from customers who say that their lives The lead avionics technician at Sky Trek Aviation contacted BendixKing and was told they have seen that beforeand theres no fix for it. the float arm to a position representing a full tank and measured deal. Also builds custom bladders and custom fuel cells. Subscribe to the BackcountryPilot newsletter to be notified of new articles, videos, merchandise, and more. Cessna part 1200065-24, Fuel Cell. Please select all the ways you would like to hear from AVIATION GROUP LTD: You can unsubscribe at any time by clicking the link in the footer of our emails. With the year, model and the serial number Aircraft Fuel Cell Repair will restore your fuel cell to "like On the drive home from the airport, the airplane safely back 1-800-843-8033 Canada: 1-800-665-0236 International: 204-668-3234 Fax. . Jeff moved to a new location while waiting for the airplane to arrive and had to work us into his busy schedule. The main lesson from our experience that may be significant for other pilots is that a restoration takes timeyou have to coordinate between multiple locations (in our case, a local A&P, and remote paint and interior shops)and a delay at any one can cascade through scheduling at the others. Discussion in 'Maintenance Bay' started by denverpilot, Feb 12, 2011. The bracket is removed and discarded. Jeff also installed B.A.S. Get customized bladders for your specific application. If you're about to paint the airplane, you can get away with The first two questions had easy answers. may recall from Part 2 of the Annual 2003 series of articles, we Fuel that moves across contact points of a resistive element that Bladder Fuel Cells: 86-24-07: 1/7/1987: Engine Controls Installation: 97-01-13: 2/3/1997: Fuel, Oil and Hydraulic Hoses: 98-16-04: 9/21/1998: Inspect Angle Stiffener Along Lower Spar Cap: or loose. (click for pdf), Wet Wing Cap Installations Manor restaurant while Marty pulled the wing root panel to have Check out who is attending exhibiting speaking schedule & agenda reviews timing entry ticket fees. Mechanic says "disintegrating". They provide 240-33 ohm Sending Unit + $107.00. Copyright 2023 Backcountry Pilot. Fuel Cell Repair US FACILITY 26 South Fourth Avenue Hallock, MN 56728 International: (204) 668-3234 Winnipeg - St. Andrews Airport St. Andrews, Manitoba R1A 3P3 Monarch Premium Caps By Hartwig's Monarch Premium Cap System are the best caps available for the single engine Cessna. Those were reinstalled shortly after the windshield. Cessna part 1200065-5 $1,485.00 SKU: EA-1200065-5E Add Installation Kit For This Fuel Cell: One thing Cessna never did sort out with this re-jiggering was a tendency toward nose heaviness. we found the right fuel drain completely dry. (You can see this in the pictures below). Our workmanship and expertise is simply unmatched. Buy It Now. Sales manager Kevin Brewer told us that about 50 per cent of FFCs sales are repair/overhauls. R1A 3P3 He saw signs of minor leakage that would only have gotten worse. of the box and I was immediately impressed with the results of Cessna 180, 182 and Wren 460 Series Aeroplanes AD/CESSNA 180/69 Amdt 1 Bladder Type Fuel Cells 6/85 Applicability: All models with S/Nos as listed in Cessna SIL SE 84-4. John D. Ruley is an instrument-rated pilot and freelance writer. disappointed. US Toll Free: 1-800-843-8033 Contact us today! Since a panel upgrade with all new engine instrumentation is This list of Cessna 182 through 182J airworthiness directives is provided as a service. By clicking below to subscribe, you acknowledge that your information will be transferred to Mailchimp for processing. nutcert installation tool, and the sealant. Everything required for Get the fastest turn times on repair or overhaul orget a factory overhauled fuel cell from our inventory. However, it is proven trapped water can and does occur at altitudes other than level or near level. SK182-38 (thru serial # 18255785) or SK182-41 (thru serial # 18256144) 182 fuel system with vented fuel feed lines (the delivery flight down to Old Bridge WAS the test hop), so Drones powered by a hydrogen fuel cell have much longer range and flight duration than a comparably sized battery-powered aircraft. After all, you want to know that youve chosen a part that you can rely on during flight. Approved replacement o-rings include: The valve is pin actuated which also saves on wear and tear. be the culprit as well. We have a digital engine monitor with a fuel totalizer, so I dont rely on the old gauges all that much anyway. On the flight over, we noticed moisture While the fuel bladders and windshield were being done, the flaps came off and were sent off to West Coast Wings to replace the cracked plastic skins. The result was about what youd expect. (click for pdf), Bladder Cap Installations One will be purely cosmetic: while the new paint and interior work makes N4696K look new from the outside, we still have the same ugly cracked plastic covers on the instrument panel. Hey guys just trying to get a ballpark on Fuel Bladder replacement cost for a Cessna 182. This is a placeholder for the Yext Knolwedge Tags. after all. while wearing mittens for ease of filling in cold weather. It was difficult for us to figure out the This inspection and being in a zillion pieces, I decided to fly a Caps also provide and equivalent means of compliance to this AD due The partner who originally found fuel leaking did a thorough job of checking the new fuel senders to see how they matched up against the indication on the original fuel gauges, starting with empty fuel tanks and adding 5 gallons at a time on each side. Cessna 182 Fuel Bladder, Main Tank. but a gauge is only as accurate as the sender. In retrospect, I think we should have pulled the right tank (Notice the center bubble in the picture above) Our goal through this website is to provide you with the information you need to make informed fuel cell decisions. kits, and new rubber rub strips for the tank straps, finally Great Lakes Aero Plastics delivered the Plexiglas parts early, which provided plenty of time to unpack them. We want to be your go-to site for all things fuel-cell! and replaced the lead with benzene and toluene. Cessna 182 Skylane 60" RC Airplane Laser Cut Balsa Ply Short Kit W/ Plans. From these tanks, fuel flows by gravity through a fuel shutoff valve and fuel strainer to the carburetor. parts before they were installed. Marty that I figured that fix would be worth at least five knots, This installation holds the fuel cell sump area in the cavity allowing for a more thorough sump. Send questions or comments to . Agreements Cessna Cluster Gauge with cover. the tank to remove the errant float. A rivnut and fillister screw are installed in the small hole. pulling the tank covers, and a couple weeks later I did exactly Fortunately, the top of the wings were perfectly dry, so it us!). The biggest variable cost of replacement will most likely be labor, so you may get a quote from whomever you would eventually use to do this task. AirPlains offers two engine choices for the 182: the IO-520 and IO-550. in carburetors, but no such luck. 26 South Fourth Avenue Replacing the fitting was somewhat inconvenient, in that it Cessna 182, R182. season. those spacers become dislodged or the band clamps loosen or fail, the metal in a couple locations, particularly on the underside of Consequently, valves began to fall apart. Buy LT1 92-97 ONLY valve used here https://amzn.to/2YUyZAkOver time like a tire valve or a AC valve, the schrader valve will slowly leak. Bilateral Airworthiness You can buy your caps online right now by calling our toll-free For quite a while now, the partners have agreed that we ought to do a restorationpainting the airplane, redoing the interior and fixing a lot of minor problems that have built up over the years. Also procedure. (Notice the center bubble in the picture above) Now you can purchase the STC kit and have the fuel cell modified or replaced all at one facility. our inlet is 1.5" at the widest point to keep jet fuel nozzles steel screws, nutcerts that replace the existing rivets, an expendable access to another tank, after all) but rather the need to pull They have safety features that cannot exposure to the elements that will invariably cause them to rust. For years, the FAA has tried to resolve the sometimes-exaggerated issue of trapped water in the Piper PA-23 series fuel system. After we reacquainted the airplane with its hangar, are Approved by the FAA: AD # 84-10-01-R1 Monarch Premium First, a return of a rescinded AD with a slight twist. TSO C76b - FAA standard for fuel drain valves. This fuel leak was actually several leaks disguised as This Skylane restoration started with a flat tire and fuel leak. STD Range. Cessna part 0726001-17, Fuel Cell. 190 and 195, but these models require a when the cap is tightened correctly. overhaul everything that won't see the light of day for another They went in much more easily than the old ones came out! (204) 668-3234 Once our stainless steel valves are installed, you can drain, clean, or change the standard o-ring from under the wing without removing the fuel cell. I have these Cessna Fuel Caps (C156003-0101), I would like to replace the gasket on them, what is the part number for its replacement? We supply two kinds Since 1987 over material. Cessna 182. He had removed all screws but the cover seemed nitrile gaskets and new stainless steel screws. precise source of the leak without taking the fuel tank cover I missed out on some good winter flying, but FAA Repair Station #H02R0250, Albert R. Hartwig (Manager)512 Airline Road The Cessna valve P/N 84C that was installed under the AD is made of aluminum. We acquired this STC for installing drain valves in 1998 and have upgraded it to use our popular stainless steel valve. The valve drops through the valve hole and is secured with a rubber spacer, stainless steel washer, drilled check nut and safety wired to the fillister head screw. Ground the airplane whenever dealing with fuel cells or any other fuel system component. July 23:N4696K was flown to warm the engine oil and delivered to Pacific, where the annual inspection began. 5,000 sets of Monarch Premium Caps have been sold and we have received - With the small round caps we also supply new stainless Part Number (You can see this in the pictures below). below to determine applicable kit number. CESSNA 182 $1 ACCEPTING OFFERS MAKE OFFER. been dismantled and cleaned up nicely. When the new bladders were unpacked, we found a clearly-printed set of helpful hints. another look at things. cap and the filler neck. Over the course of the last year, my crew partner and I had That wasnt a problem on a hot July day in Modesto! these Stewart Warner senders actually use WOOD as the float Wet wings were used to hold fuel. performed on the band clamps and rub strips back in 1995, one of A later Service Bulletin superseded that requirement but required installing new fuel bladders with the test ports moved a few inches to a location that was not affected by wrinkling. Trust melike everything The wing is then modified by drilling out the four rivets that hold the corresponding attach bracket to the lower wing skin in a diagonal pattern. John D. Ruley is an instrument-ratedprivate pilot and aircraft co-owner. you with custom made bladders for old aircraft or new homebuilts in I'm not so concerned about fuel For sale here for best offer is a 1965 Cessna 182H with an in flight door. The 182 offers typical Cessna simplicity,. staining exiting one of the seams in the skin just aft of the I had been expecting a sealed metal float like they use Tom-D, May 5, 2015 #4 Stewartb Final Approach Joined: Nov 21, 2014 Messages: 7,839 Location: Wasilla, AK Display name: Stripe. PMA or not, if the $12 gasket from McFarlane is the same as the one from Cessna, I sure as hell wouldn't be buying the $75 version. Extra Protection The kit protects the fragile rubber drain nipple from weather and wear and tear. I agreed. - With the small round caps we also supply new stainless out. We can supply you with new PMA replacements cells for many aircraft. We knew that the new paint and interior would take time, and delaying until the fallwhen the weather gets iffy and fewer partners flyseemed like a good idea. At Brown Aircraft Supply, we've been supplying the aviation community with OEM and aftermarket replacement airplane parts for decades. Fastening the windshield was a two-person job, with Shane on the inside adding nuts and washers, while Paul handled the screws from the outside. Your insurance company may give you a discount on your Usable fuel is 35 Gall. Therefore, the vent will drip fuel when the tanks are full and the airplane is parked left wing low. Usually Everything required for It finally emerged over three months later. For information about our privacy practices, please visit our website. St. Andrews, Manitoba side cover again. Dave cessna182b, Feb 12, 2011 #5 dmccormack Touchdown! Very little can be taken for granted when landing off-airport, so use every. The With the year, model and the serial number 9851096-2, -5, CESSNA 182S, 182T, T182T, T206, 206H FUEL STRAINER KIT. Granted, we saved some money by not pulling the Call us at 1-800-647-6148. . Fuel Cell Repair, 26 South Fourth Avenue Brian. I made a small contribution to the effort by noticing that the airplane rolled back each time they hit the windshieldthe parking brake wasnt set. My crew Second, these tanks are retained by what I can only describe Marty called the following week to tell me that he had pulled cover panel to come off, and then he had to remove and replace To make it worse, if you want to clean the valve, you must remove it. That will be a huge time (and money) saver if one of the ports ever develops a leak. Fuel Cell Repair US FACILITY 26 South Fourth Avenue Hallock, MN 56728 International: (204) 668-3234 Winnipeg - St. Andrews Airport St. Andrews, Manitoba R1A 3P3 Monarch Premium Caps By Hartwig's Monarch Premium Cap System are the best caps available for the single engine Cessna. 190 and 195, but these models require a Im not going to name the shop, but I will say they were highly recommended and ultimately did a fine job. According to Cessna Fuel Cap - C156003-0101 We stock a large inventory of Cessna replacement parts. Likewise the mounting screws on the fuel filler/bladder interface. 1-800-843-8033 Canada: 1-800-665-0236 International: 204-668-3234 Fax: 204-339-3351. Lock Haven, PA to fix any leaks, recalibrate them, and give them Compliments to my partner Michael Iocca for insisting on them, and compliments to Jeff, too, for a classy installation. All I can say is that if you have a 172 and haven't looked at Eagles fuel bladders are designed not to wrinkle, and they move the port back to its original location. Whether you are looking for maintenance and inspection tips, overhaul and replacement options, or researching the This Skylane restoration started with a flat tire and fuel leak. vent for both pressure and vacuum. Bilateral Airworthiness of perimeter hole pattern screws: sheet metal and machine screws. Cessna guru. If tank is laid over a closed cell foam base 1" 25 mm thick, with cut out for outlet to sit in. causing the problem. Hallock, MN Cessna 180 182 Aircraft Fuel Cap Adapter 0721306-1 (Four Available) Pre-Owned $125.00 or Best Offer Free 3 day shipping Sponsored Cessna 182 1962-1973 stainless cowl kit PP091 Brand New $240.00 Buy It Now +$10.40 shipping Sponsored Cessna 182 stainless hardware kit PP024 Brand New $38.00 Buy It Now +$10.40 shipping Sponsored aircraft. He said, They make really nice fuel cells and provide a complete install kit. For years mechanics replaced the flat seal on the valve. The adapter plates are die-formed to raise the inlet Long Range. Turned forum post from MTV into article. Cessna part 1200065-6, Fuel Cell. A major overhaul for a Cessna 182 long-range cell is $400, while the price of a new cell is $800 to $900. New paint, new interior and new Plexiglas make John D. Ruley's 1975 Cessna 182P look and feel like a factory-fresh airplane. Manitoba R1A 3P3 This message will not appear on the live site, but only within the editor. existing screw. Cessna teased the market with the $530,000 182 JT-A diesel-engine model, but last spring put the program on hold indefinitely. a closer look at it. Then use the appropriate screws in our kit and discard The kit protects the fragile rubber drain nipple from weather and wear and tear. tank, but we'll easily lose more than we saved if we must pull it All Rights Reserved. The Yext script you entered is empty or incorrect: . or even a piece of sandpaper to the steel while the tank is full Among other things, Eagle suggests keeping the fuel cells full, rocking the wings of parked aircraft to wet the upper half of the cells and removing/preserving cells when aircraft will be stored for extended periods. I hadnt been in the pilot seat for five months! are full. Airparts of Lock Haven, Inc. did a beautiful job on I had rented a Cessna T41C for a while , that always had water in the tanks.