When this failed he put pressure on Security Council members to vote against the resolution. After the West German counterintelligence chief, Otto John, defected to the Soviet Union in 1954, Wisner fed Alsop a story that the West German spymaster had been kidnapped by the KGB. I suspect that had we known more (it would have just made us more appreciative.) A month earlier word had spread through the agency that the New York Times was embarking on a first-ever investigation of the CIA. Members are only revealed after their death - a wreath of black magnolias shaped like '7' is laid at the gravesite. The Defense Department preferred to save its dirty tricks for times of war. The Defense Mobilization Support Planning Activity? "What about the Russians? Over the next few weeks thousands were arrested on suspicion of communist activity. At Arlington Cemetery, Frank Wisner was buried as a naval commander, his wartime rank. After 1953 the network was overseen by Allen W. Dulles, director of the Central Intelligence Agency. He is the son of Frank Wisner, Sr., a man very well known at the CIA, who was the operational chief to conduct at least three coups d'tat--Arbenz in Guatemala, Mossadeq . Phillips, along with E. Howard Hunt, was responsible for running the CIA's Voice of Liberation radio station. "He just has many, many friends in. Wisner arrived in England in September, 1959. Hector (Rip Robertson) said only one, a courier . The CIA was feeling particularly embattled that October. He was so depressed that his wife, Polly, worried that he would try to commit suicide. He talked about his children. Other journalists willing to promote the views of the CIA included Stewart Alsop (New York Herald Tribune), Ben Bradlee (Newsweek), James Reston (New York Times), Charles Douglas Jackson (Time Magazine), Walter Pincus (Washington Post), William C. Baggs (Miami News), Herb Gold (Miami News) and Charles Bartlett (Chattanooga Times). Another historical falsehood is that becoming a leader at CIA hinges on membership in Skull and Bones, the secret society at Yale. Wisner, who reside on the George Wedge farm east of town. According to Alex Constantine (Mockingbird: The Subversion Of The Free Press By The CIA), in the 1950s, "some 3,000 salaried and contract CIA employees were eventually engaged in propaganda efforts". Arbenz, on the other hand, had simply been trying to reform his country and had not sought foreign help in this. Wisner Sr. died in 1965 by michael gordon. For months, waves of airborne spies in mission after mission landed, and each was killed straightaway. However, Wisner was cleared of all suspicions by the CIA Office of Security. Wisner's death saddened but did not shock his colleagues. Mossadegh also abolished Iran's feudal agriculture sector and replaced with a system of collective farming and government land ownership. Wisner managed to get a copy of the speech that Nikita Khrushchev made at the 20th Party Congress in February, 1956, where Khrushchev launched an attack on the rule of Joseph Stalin. Wisner worked well with Zambian president Kenneth Kaunda and helped to rebuild bilateral relations between Zambia and the USA after a 1980 spy scandal at the U.S. embassy in Lusaka. In 1950, the OPC was placed under the Central Intelligence Agency and renamed the Directorate of Plans. Wisner was too ill to return to his post as head of the DDP. Frank Gardner Wisner was born in Laurel, Mississippi, in 1910. According to Phillips he initially questioned the right of the CIA to interfere in Guatemala: In his autobiography Phillips claims he said to Barnes: "But Arbenz became President in a free election. In the cases of Frank Wisner and Philip Graham, it played a role in their suicides. It would nominally report to a senior State Department official. Hoover, claimed that Caradja was a Soviet agent. Other journalists willing to promote the views of the CIA included Ben Bradlee (Newsweek), James Reston (New York Times), Charles Douglas Jackson (Time Magazine), Walter Pincus (Washington Post), William C. Baggs (Miami News), Herb Gold (Miami News) and Charles Bartlett (Chattanooga Times). The State Department didnt want anything to do with these precursors to the CIA, fearing that some blown secret mission might cripple diplomacy. They also produced three films on Guatemala for showing free in cinemas. . Four months later he agreed to retire from the CIA. Wisner was obviously too sick to go to Spain. In 2012 he succeeded Paul A. Volcker as chairman of the board of trustees of International House, a cultural-exchange residence and program center in New York City. By Nicholas Thompson. He had upset the US government by nationalizing Iran's oil industry. He was a good sprinter and hurdler and in 1936 was asked to compete in the Olympic trials. In 1954 Wisner arranged for the funding the Hollywood production of Animal Farm, the animated allegory based on the book written by George Orwell. Crocker's efforts contributed to the organization and successful discussions at the February 1984 Lusaka Conference regarding conflicts in Angola and Namibia.[9]. Most men brought their wives to these gatherings. CIA's Voice of Liberation also put out similar radio broadcasts. He worked in the Navy's censor's office before managing to get a transfer to the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Frank Gardner Wisner was born in Laurel, Mississippi, in 1910. [11] He went on to become a member of the board for EOG Resources. In 1951 Allen W. Dulles persuaded Cord Meyer to join the CIA. According to Deborah Davis, Meyer became Mockingbird's "principal operative". Thus by overthrowing him, America was in effect making a new decision in the cold war. During the Hungarian Uprising an estimated 20,000 people were killed. During World War II, Wisner and his wife Polly became close friends with Philip Graham and his wife Katharine Graham who after the war became publishers of The Washington Post. Arbenz, on the other hand, had simply been trying to reform his country and had not sought foreign help in this. He also serves on the advisory board of the National Security Network, and on the board of Refugees International. Would the National Security Council really want to explain to the press why some official had to be bribed or some foreign election had to be subverted? In 1954 Wisner arranged for the funding the Hollywood production of Animal Farm, the animated allegory based on the book written by George Orwell. Wisner, as head of the Office of Policy Coordination (OPC), took overall responsibility for the operation. About Frank G. Wisner. As Thomas Polgar later pointed out: "Sure, we never said rise up and revolt, but there was a lot of propaganda that led the Hungarians to believe that we would help. It was not successful and still suffering from depression, he was released from hospital in 1958. "Thanks Allen, and thanks to all of you. We and our partners use cookies to Store and/or access information on a device. The agents whom he and Burke infiltrated into Romania, Poland, the Baltic states and East Germany all disappeared; most were probably killed. Wisner was told to create an organization that concentrated on "propaganda, economic warfare; preventive direct action, including sabotage, anti-sabotage, demolition and evacuation measures; subversion against hostile states, including assistance to underground resistance groups, and support of indigenous anti-Communist elements in threatened countries of the free world". The Central Intelligence Agency decided that Arbenz had to be removed from power. He eventually had a breakdown, was hospitalized, and received an aggressive course of electroshock therapy. In the 1950s and early 1960s the CIA's top leaders - men like Allen Dulles, Frank Wisner, Richard Bissell, Tracy Barnes, and Desmond Fitzgerald - were profoundly devoted to covert action. As one of the agents involved in Operation Bloodstone, Harry Rositzke, pointed out, Wisner was willing to use anyone "as long as he was anti-communist". He was a good sprinter and hurdler and in 1936 was asked to compete in the Olympic trials. From 1971 to 1973, he was first secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Tunis, Tunisia, and following that, from 1973 to 1974, he was first secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Dacca, Bangladesh. When Lansdale was manipulating electoral politics in the Philippines in 1953, Wisner asked Joe Alsop to write some columns warning the Filipinos not to steal the election from Magsaysay. According to Deborah Davis, Meyer became Mockingbird's "principal operative". Among his overseas assignments, Wisner served as the United States Ambassador to Zambia (197982); Egypt (198691), the Philippines (199192), and India, 199497. Harvey reported back in June 1951 that he was convinced that Philby was a KGB spy. The lights were turned off while Brad used slides during his report. Wisner managed to get a copy of the speech that Nikita Khrushchev made at the 20th Party Congress in February, 1956, where Khrushchev launched an attack on the rule of Joseph Stalin. http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/JFKwisner.htm, Your email address will not be published. . The OPCs mission was to take on the Soviet Union, and right from the start, the Pentagongearing up for World War IIIwanted everything from insurgencies in Western Europe to sabotaging the entire Soviet air force, and it wanted them now. Early life [ edit] He was diagnosed as manic depressive and received electroshock therapy. He could do that, because he was powerful. He served as third secretary at the U.S. Embassy in Algiers, Algeria. Required fields are marked *. As a result the resolution was defeated by 5 votes to 4. Nixon asked a number of questions, concise and to the point, and demonstrated a thorough knowledge of the Guatemalan political situation. While in Bucharest he became friendly with King Michael of Romania. On January 31, 2011, he was sent to Egypt by President Barack Obama to negotiate a resolution to the popular protests against the regime that had swept the country. Kermit Roosevelt, the grandson of Theodore Roosevelt, was put in charge of what became known as Operation Ajax. This became the espionage and counter-intelligence branch of the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1953 the brothers helped out Edward Lansdale and the CIA in the Philippines: "Wisner actively courted the Alsops, along with a few other newsmen he regarded as suitable outlets. Worse yet, the few offices still around with any sort of proficiency in covert action were just too accountable. On his watch, the CIA overthrew the governments of Iran and Guatemalathe only two such successes in the Agencys history. After World War II, American governments were more willing to use their influence and strength all over the world for the first time and to see an ideological implication in the "persecution" of US business interests. By this time Operation Mockingbird had a major influence over 25 newspapers and wire agencies. At this time Wisner began plotting the overthrow of Mohammed Mossadegh in Iran. He condemned the Great Purge and accused Stalin of abusing his power. He said that the country needed "an agrarian reform which puts an end to the latifundios and the semi-feudal practices, giving the land to thousands of peasants, raising their purchasing power and creating a great internal market favorable to the development of domestic industry.". With the help of resident Anastasio Somoza, Castillo had formed a rebel army in Nicaragua. Husband of Mary (Polly) Knowles a dedicated arts philanthropist and legendary Washington hostess. ", Wisner, who had been involved in creating this propaganda, told friends that he felt the American government had let Hungary down. "Tomorrow morning, gentlemen," Dulles said, "we will go to the White House to brief the President. While in Germany he served under Allen W. Dulles. According to Deborah Davis in Katharine the Great, "By the early 1950s, Wisner 'owned' respected members of the New York Times, Newsweek, CBS and other communications vehicles."
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