Due to this arrangement the deltoid has a large area of origin: from the acromion, lateral superior portion of the clavicle, and lateral third of the scapular spine. The erector spinae comprises the iliocostalis (laterally placed) group, the longissimus (intermediately placed) group, and the spinalis (medially placed) group. The muscles discussed below are essential to everyday life and advanced movements such as writing. Origin: from the ischium of the pelvis Insertion: the tibia of the lower leg. These different roles can be described as agonists (or prime movers), antagonists, or synergists. These muscles bring together the spinous and transverse processes of each consecutive vertebra. You'll find this conveniently illustrated on the cheat sheets. Bone Tissue and the Skeletal System, Chapter 12. The axial muscles are grouped based on location, function, or both. Sample Decks: Muscles Actions, Origins, and Insertions of the Pelvic Complex and Hip (week 5), The Structure of The Knee Joint (week 6), The Foot and Ankle (week 6) Show Class. It passes laterally to insert onto the lesser tubercle of the humerus. It also assists in medial (anterior fibers) and lateral rotation (posterior fibers). Tap the Skeletal System Icon, and press the Plus button until you come to the Origin and Insertion layer (the fourth layers of the system). The transversospinales include the semispinalis capitis, semispinalis cervicis, semispinalis thoracis, multifidus, and rotatores. Read more. With more than 600 muscles in the body, it can feel impossible to keep track of them all. Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. It functions as a stabilizer of the scapula, acts as a protractor when reaching forward or pushing, and aids in rotation of scapula. origin: neck 31 Decks -. #shorts #anatomy. Have you triedour upper limb muscle anatomy revision chartyet? The Cardiovascular System: Blood, Chapter 19. Each of these muscles has a name; for example, again, the biceps brachii and now the triceps brachii, responsible for both forearm flexion and forearm extension, respectively. The occipitofrontalis muscle elevates the scalp and eyebrows. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. All rights reserved. '1 2 me, 3 4 u' (One to me, three for you). All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. Insertion: greater trochanter on the back of the femur Copyright Agonists and antagonists are always functional opposites. By accessing any content on this site or its related media channels, you agree never to hold us liable for damages, harm, loss, or misinformation. Subjects: action comments insertion muscles nerve origin skeletal . It has both sternocostal and clavicular heads. The middle fibers retract (adduct). Manifestations are limited movement of the shoulder and severe pain. It is caused by damage to the extensor tendon complex as it inserts onto the distal phalanx of any of the digits. Pectoralis major muscle :This is a superficial, large, fan shaped muscle that makes up the bulk of the pectoral (chest) region. Flex and extend the muscle and feel its movements at the origin, midpoint, and insertion. Teres Major. Semispinalis capitis: Origin: transverse processes of C7-T12. Origin: Ischial tuberosity It acts to extend the pinky as well as the wrist. It causes flexion of the interphalangeal joint (IP joint) of the thumb, as well as flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joint (MP joint). the iliopsoas or inner hip muscles: Psoas major. The Cellular Level of Organization, Chapter 4. The geniohyoid depresses the mandible in addition to raising and pulling the hyoid bone anteriorly. The flexor digiti minimi brevis originates from the hamate boneand inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the base of the 5th proximal phalanx. Term. It is the prime mover in forward reaching and pushing down. Suprahyoid muscles are superior to it, and the infrahyoid muscles are located inferiorly. The movements would be used in bowling or swing your arms while walking. The medial head is supplied by the ulnar nerve, and the lateral head by the anterior interosseous branch. It pronates the radius and is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, Deltoid, Latissimus dorsi, Supinator, Extensor digitorum, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, Extensor indicis proprius, Extensor digiti minimi, Brachioradialis, Thenar eminence, Hypothenar eminence, Interossei, Lumbricals, Inferior angle and lower part of the lateral border of the scapula, Intertubercular sulcus (medial lip) of the humerus, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus (arm), Lateral border of the scapula (middle part), Greater tubercle of the humerus (inferior facet), Lateral rotation of the arm, stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Greater tubercle of the humerus (middle facet), Greater tubercle of the humerus (superior facet), Assistance in arm abduction,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Medial rotation of the arm,stabilization of the humerus as part of the rotator cuff muscles, Transverse process of the atlas and axis, posterior tubercles C3 and C4, Posterior surface of the medial scapular border (from the superior angle to the root of the spine of the scapula), Anterior rami of the nerves C3 and C4, dorsal scapular nerve (branch of the C5), Superior nuchal line, external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 to T12 vertebrae, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula, Spinal accessory nerve; C3 and C4 spinal nerves, Elevation, depression, and retraction of the scapula, Medial half of the clavicle (clavicular head); anterior surface of the sternum, 1st to 6th costal cartilages, aponeurosis of, Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus, Anterior surface of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th ribs and the fascia overlying the intercostal spaces, Medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula, Protraction of the scapula, pulls the coracoid process anteriorly and inferiorly, accessory muscle in respiratory, Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula, Abduction and stabilization of the shoulder joint, Spinous processes of T7-L5 and sacrum, iliac crest, X-XII ribs, Distal half of the anterior side of the humerus and intermuscular septa, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint, supinator of the forearm, accessory flexor of the arm at the glenohumeral joint, Anterior surface of the ulna (distal quarter), Anterior surface of the radius (distal quarter), Forearm pronationand binding of the radius and ulna, Anterior surface of the radius and interosseous membrane, Proximal parts of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the ulna and interosseous membrane, Bases of the phalanges of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part), bases of the phalanges of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Ulnar nerve (medial part), anterior interosseous nerve (lateral part), Flexion of the distal phalanges at the interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th digits (medial part) and of the 2nd and 3rd digits (lateral part), Medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna (humero-ulnar head) and superior half of anterior border (ulnar head), Shafts of middle phalanges of medial four digits, Flexion of middle phalanges at proximal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal phalanges at the metacarpophalangeal joints of the middle four digits, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (common flexor tendon), Flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis, Medial epicondyle of the humerus (humeral head), coronoid process of the ulna (ulnar head), Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, crest of the ulna, supinator fossa, radial collateral and anular ligaments, Surface of the proximal third of the radial shaft, Posterior surfaces of the middle and distal phalanges (2nd-5th), Posterior interosseus nerve (branch of the radial nerve), Extension of the index, middle, ring and little fingers, Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, posterior border of the ulna, Medial side of the base of the metacarpal V, Posterior side of the distal third of the ulnar shaft; interosseous membrane, Proximal two-thirds of the supra-epicondylar ridge of the humerus, Lateral surface of the distal end of the radius, Forearm flexion, especially during mid-pronation, Flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapezium and scaphoid bones, Thumb flexion, abduction, and medial rotation resulting in a combined movement called opposition, Abduction of the 5th digit and flexion assistance of the proximal phalanx, Base of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Flexion of the proximal phalanx of the 5th digit, Sides of two adjacent metacarpals (dorsal interossei) and palmar surfaces of the 2nd, 4th, 5th metacarpals (palmar interossei), Bases of the proximal phalanges via the extensor expansions of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei) and 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), Abduction of the 2nd to 4th digits (dorsal interossei), adduction of the 2nd, 4th, and 5th digits (palmar interossei), assisting the lumbricals in extension, Tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus, Lateral expansions of the 2nd to 5th digits, Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joints and extension of the interphalangeal joints of the 2nd to 4th digits. The action of the muscle describes what happens when the more mobile bone is brought toward the more stable bone during a muscular contraction. iliacus - origin: ilium fossa Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver. The intrinsic muscles of the hand contain the origin and insertions within the carpal and metacarpal bones. It is innervated by the deep branch of the radial nerve. Themedial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid muscles provide assistance in chewing and moving food within the mouth by moving the mandible laterally and medially to grind food between the molars. It inserts onto the coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna. The extrinsic muscles of the hand originate outside the hand, commonly the forearm, and insert into hand structures. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Identify the following muscles and give their origins, insertions, actions and innervations: The skeletal muscles are divided into axial (muscles of the trunk and head) and appendicular (muscles of the arms and legs) categories. Muscle memory is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition, which has been used synonymously with motor learning. Action: external rotator of the thigh When movement of a body part occurs, muscles work in groups rather than individually. The segmental muscles include the interspinales and intertransversarii. Its innervation is from the upper suprascapular nerve. Origin: Clavicle, sternum, cartilages of ribs 1-7 Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle of humerus Action: flexes, adducts, and medially rotates arm, Origin: Clavicle, acromion process, spine of scapula Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus Action: Abducts arm; flexes, extends, medially, and laterally rotates arm, Origin: thoracolumbar fascia Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus (spirals from your back under your arm) Action: adducts humerus (pulls shoulder back and down), Origin: Lateral border of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus Action: Laterally rotates and adducts arm, stabilizes shoulder joint, Origin: Long head; superior margin of glenoid fossa Short Head; Coracoid process of scapula Insertion: Radial Tuberosity Action: Flexes arm, flexes forearm, supinates hand, Origin: Anterior, distal surface of humerus Insertion: coronoid process of ulna Action: Flexes forearm, Origin: Infraglenoid tuberosity of scapula, lateral and posterior surface of humerus Insertion: Olecranon process, tuberosity of ulna Action: Extends and adducts arm, extends forearm, Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Insertion: styloid process of radius Action: Flexes forearm, Origin: Symphysis Pubis (inferior ramus of pubis) As the muscles contract, they exert force on the bones, which help to support and move our body along with its appendages. Extensor digiti minimi muscle:This muscle arises from the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. They arise from the metacarpal bones and insert into the extensor hoods of each finger. Short head originates from Coracoid process. Teres minor:This muscle arises from the lateral border of the scapula and inserts onto the greater tubercle of the humerus. Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. The sternocleidomastoid divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles. Some People Bang Like Monkeys. Those in the same compartment will have the same action. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Conventionally, a muscle origin describes the attachment of a muscle on the more stable bone. The upper limb(upper extremity) is truly a complex part of human anatomy. 2009. Naming Skeletal Muscles | How are Muscles Named? It has an essential role in initiating the first 15 degrees of abduction (move away from the body). My origin is the inferior skull, spinous processes T1-6. It inserts onto the deltoid tuberosity, which is a roughened elevated patch found on the lateral surface of the humerus. A rule of thumb is that any muscle tendon that crosses a joint will act on that joint. laterally rotates the femur with hip extension, flexes humerus, antagonist of supraspinatus action: extend the neck ; retract and adduct scapulae, posterior Test your knowledge on the muscles of the arm right away using our handy round-up of quizzes, diagrams and free worksheets. The tendon of the muscle passes in its own tunnel to enter the palm and it inserts onto the base of the 1st distal phalanx. As a result it acts as a flexor, extensor, and abductor of the shoulder.
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