Most sightings occur in Shenandoah National Park and in Bedford, Amherst and Nelson County region. If you were to construct a bucket list of iconic Virginia snake species, what would be on it? Colinus leucopogon. Even if a non-venomous species bites you, you can have an allergic reaction to the proteins in its saliva. Its rumored that the most expensive cowrie ever sold for more than $50,000. Rat and Corn Snakes in Virginia. King Gezo of Dahomey, now modern Benin, said he preferred cowries to gold for this reason, he would always receive a fair price. Only three of them are known to exist in the world. It is most abundant in the Indian Ocean, and was collected in the Maldive Islands, in Sri Lanka, along the Indian Malabar coast, in Borneo and on other East Indian islands, in Maluku in the Pacific, and in various parts of the African coast from Ras Hafun to Mozambique. [1] In the case of seashells, youre generally okay collecting a few shells as a tourist, assuming you arent on a beach that lies in a national park or protected area. Its rumored that the most expensive cowrie ever sold for more than $50,000. Smaller Junonia shells, measuring three inches or smaller, could sell for $30 to $40. The following venomous snake species all occur in Virginia: All three of these snakes are pit vipers, but only one is a rattlesnake. Rather than running away, pit vipers sit still and rely on their camouflage to protect them. Pantherophis alleghaniensis, Throughout Virginia except for Lunenberg, Russell, and Dickenson counties, Colors range significantly, from black to red or even yellow-brown, Habitat generalists, but often found in prairies, forests, and woodlands. We also get your email address to automatically create an account for you in our website. Hoofed mammals, especially deer are the preferred food. From proper husbandry and habitat guidance, to articles on health concerns, diet, and extensive care guides, Reptile Guide is here to educate everyone on all things reptiles. Up until the early 1990s, it was fabulously, Age: From milk snakes to the black rat snake in Virginia, the variety is incredible. Smith's "Working-men's Way in the World" where it was described as a "very marly species of plum-pudding". In Virginia, most species are non-venomous snakes. Spottedleaf[9] There have been unconfirmed sightings in Albemarle, Alleghany, Amherst, Augusta, Bath, Bedford, Botetourt, Bland, Brunswick, Craig, Fauquier, Floyd, Franklin, Giles, Grayson, Highland, Louisa, Nelson, Orange, Page, Rappahannock, Roanoke, Rockbridge, Rockingham, Shenandoah, Spotsylvania, Suffolk, Madison, and Warren counties. It is sometimes considered to be conspecific with the crested bobwhite, Colinus cristatus. Distribution References ^ Most snake bites are the result of people not taking the hint. They are dark reddish-or yellowish-brown dorsally, lighter ventrally, the tail tip There are numerous prized specimens from this family, some fetching thousands of dollars. Cypraea aurantium (Golden Cowrie), has always been a sought after specimen for any collection although it is now more common with specimens like broderipi and some of the Western Australian and Southern Australian species assuming the mantle of most prized. As we mentioned above, the key to coexisting with snakes is to treat them with respect. Its best to get checked out and get a tetanus shot whenever a snake bites you. Both are listed as Endangered while the Arabian cowrie (Cypraea arabica) is listed as Vulnerable on the Red List of threatened animals of Singapore. An investigation revealed it was stolen by a dealer named Martin Gill, 49. Only three of them are known to exist in the world. If youre looking for a snake found in the South of the state, you can rule out snakes in Northern Virginia that dont come as far down. While the bug is harmless to people and pets, the insect feeds on and damages more than 100 crops and plants in the area. Some shells are worth tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of dollars. Since all the venomous snake species in Virginia are pit vipers, you can identify them with relative ease. A number of subspecies and forms have been described including: C. leucodon leucodon (pyriform nominate); angioyna (slight tooth differences); tenuidon (smaller, heavily spotted and rounder); and escotoi (small, dark and very round). One of the rarest shells is the world is spotted Leucodon cowrie. FINE : Shells with chip, juvenile or fresh dead. or bob-bob-White!. Its rich russet brown coloration helps it blend into the leaf litter of this habitat type. Because the spotted lanternflys appearance changes dramatically throughout its life cycle, we encourage residents to take the time to learn how to recognize the different stages and to take steps to remove the insect from their property.. However, You can think of a seashell kind of like your own hair. They are said to be able to transfer magical power and good luck to whoever they are aimed at. These single-shelled mollusks with a zipper-like opening on the bottom come with dazzling variety of colors and markings. The specimen was collected from "Flores, on the road from Omoa to Comayagua", Honduras, and purchased for the museum from Mr. Leyland on 9 November 1857. Plain-bellied Watersnake How can you tell how old a seashell is? Unfortunately, many people maintain an unhealthy fear of snakes rather than a healthy level of caution and respect. In the following sections, well investigate how to protect yourself and your loved ones. Spotted Lanternfly In Virginia: Quarantines, Timing Of Life Cycle. Which of the Virginia snakes is your favorite? Some shells are worth tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of dollars. Poison Control Centers national hotline: 1-800-222-1222. They mark parts of their territories, such as trails, high ridges and crossings with scrapes, scratch hills, topped with urine or feces as visual or olfactory warnings. Binomial name. We hope youve enjoyed this article about the snakes of Virginia. Fashion Inspiration and Discovery. The male weighs 140 g on average. Each Month is matched with the unique characteristics of an individual shell. Your hair grows and is part of you, but it isnt alive on its own. Elaborate Home Theaters + Wet Bars: VA Dream Homes, Festival Highlights Pride Month Celebrations In Loudoun County, $2.5M Ashburn Home Includes Basement Bar, $130K Movie Theater, Walking For Water- Local Youth making a difference, Tactical Emergency Casualty Care (TECC) Active Bystander Certification Training. One of the rarest shells is the world is spotted Leucodon cowrie. Some shells are Magical Power & good luck Cowrie shells symbolize the power of destiny throughout Africa and America. Members of the order Neotaenioglossa are mostly gonochoric and broadcast By rubbing these scales together, the snake can give a warning rattle. Warriors Wiki is a FANDOM Books Community. Killed by Mapleshade in battle[6] Seashell crafts are fun to make regardless of your age. What is the Rarest Shell in Florida? [6], The Pall Mall Gazette reported in 1892 that "the Kilburn Sisters daily satisfied hundreds of dockers with soup and Spotted Dick". One of the rarest shells is the world is spotted Leucodon cowrie. In some instances, where multiple species occur in the region, well take a look at the group as a whole. It comes down to colour, condition, maturity and rarity, along with where they are discovered. While some of these cowries can be purchased for as low as $40 they can fetch up to $12,000. Since 1970, 121 sightings have been identified as possible mountain lions, but have not been officially confirmed. WebWhat is the rarest cowrie? So its very rare for the waves to roll them all the way to the beach without being damaged. Several of the species are popular pets, thanks to their placid personalities. May 26, 2023, 5:01 a.m. Tiger cowries were once very common, but their populations have been declining in recent decades due to habitat loss caused by dynamite fishing and reef die-offs. Why do you think cowrie shells were valuable? Your hair grows and is part of you, but it isnt alive on its own. A slender brown snake with peach-colored cheeks and round pupils. WebThe total length of this species is 5-9 feet (cylindrical tail 2-3 feet) and it weighs from 100-200 pounds. This species is 2224cm long and shows geographically variable male plumage amongst its six subspecies. The one I found is 4 inches long, big for a Hawaii cowry these days since these snails have been killed extensively for their shells. Webspotted leucodon cowrie. One of the rarest shells is the world is spotted Leucodon cowrie. While some of these cowries can be purchased for as low as $40 they can fetch up to $12,000.Edinger has even hauled in cowries worth as much as $50,000, including an orange-coloured rosselli cowrie with a reddish base. Looking for a longer overview? If it has the slit-shaped pupils and broad head of the pit vipers, then its almost definitely one of the three venomous species. The home range of the female is 5-20 square miles, with 25 square miles or more for the male. Garter snakes are common visitors throughout the United States. Scientists think they are mostly found in the northwestern Indian Ocean by deepwater fishermen. Their color is yellowish with brown ridges the fronds are sometimes violet or pink. WebCypraea leucodon, common name the white-toothed cowry, is a rare cowry, a species of sea snail, or marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. He had appraised the museums collection a few years before. However, for now, the tiger cowrie remains a common fixture in reefs across the Indo-Pacific and is important to many people and marine ecosystems. Divide the total number of ridges by 365. The young tom develops feelings for her and visits her whenever he can. However, when Clawface raids ThunderClan's camp to steal Frostfur's kits, Spottedleaf attempts to stop him, but is tragically killed, breaking Firepaw's heart. Despite her death, Spottedleaf appears often in Firepaw, now Fireheart's dreams, delivering warnings and prophecies. Keep your pet on a leash at all times when you go hiking. Seashells usually are shaped like caps, as the limpets are, or they are coiled. NEVER poke, prod, or try to move a snake. Following is an informal list of Cypraea species, subspecies and forms, accompanied by photographs where available. Cowrie shells are believed to bring prosperity and good luck. If you're looking for a full list, find one here! What is your birth shell? When a mollusk dies, it leaves its shell behind. Indivia Murex is a shallow water species found in shallow water across the Indo-Pacific region. Virginia has plenty of woods and forests, so it makes sense that this snake would be present here. What type of shell are you? WebLyncina leucodon is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Rat and corn snakes are harmless species who take well to living around humans. "Dick" and "dog" were dialectal terms widely used for pudding, from the same etymology as "dough" (i.e., the modern equivalent name would be "spotted pudding"). Begin typing your search term above and press enter to search. The spotted lanternfly is native to Asia, but is invasive in the U.S. Willowpelt, Leopardfoot Theyre highly sought-after for their beauty and rarity. If with treacle sauce, treacle dick. Fisherman often attach them to their nets for good luck and brides are sometimes given them to promote fertility. They are dark reddish-or yellowish-brown dorsally, lighter ventrally, the tail tip is dark, and the fur is short, soft and unspotted. The types of shells that can be readily found on the beaches of Sanibel and Captiva come from animals that live close to shore. Book appearances "[3], The dish is first attested in Alexis Soyer's The modern Housewife or mnagre, published in 1849,[4] in which he described a recipe for "Plum Bolster, or Spotted Dick Roll out two pounds of paste have some Smyrna raisins well washed". Only three of them are known to exist in the world, one of which was found in the stomach of a fish. Spottedpaw[7] WebMoney cowries are still used as currency in some places. This section summarizes Spottedleaf's significant Super Editions appearances. However, if it has a long, narrower head, then its more likely to be a North American Racer. How can you tell if a cowrie shell is real. The subspecies in northwestern Honduras is known as Colinus leucopogon leylandi (Moore, 1859). Kit: Whether you have a collection of shells from a day at the beach or a special holiday in an exotic location you can drill a hole in your seashells and make them into a fun ornament or decoration. Water Snakes in Virginia. "Spotted Dick 'renamed Spotted Richard' to spare blushes in parliament", Alexis Soyer's original 1849 recipe for Spotted Dick, A Collection of Above Three Hundred Receipts in Cookery, Physick and Surgery, Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spotted_dick&oldid=1150723345, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 19 April 2023, at 20:05. Some shells are worth tens of thousands, even hundreds of thousands of dollars. Spottedleaf[2] Reptile Guide is also a Chewy affiliate partner. The Junonia sea snail lives miles offshore, in water between 30 and 130 meters deep! A long, narrow green snake with a light yellow belly and round, beady eyes. Eastern Ratsnake A living mollusk produces a shell with its body, but. One of the rarest shells is the world is spotted Leucodon cowrie. People who may not be able to visit Sanibel or Marco Island may still want to own one. The Scotch bonnet, the state seashell, is a rare find. Sisters: Well also provide some useful resources in case you run into trouble or want to learn more about these wonderful creatures. The holotype specimen of "Ortyx leylandi" Moore (Proc. The queensnake is a large, robust snake that has an attitude to match. Featherwhisker[9] Well give you a general overview of those species youre most likely to encounter. Fisherman often attach them to their nets for good luck and brides are sometimes given them to promote fertility. Spottedpaw[8] Most of the snakes in Virginia are harmless species like the rat snake. See this article's, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cypraea_leucodon&oldid=1121620456, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with dead external links from March 2022, Articles with permanently dead external links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 13 November 2022, at 07:14. Only three of them are known to exist in the world. All of these snakes are native to Virginia. Trivia monacha, also known as the European cowrie or spotted cowrie, is a species of small sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Triviidae, the trivias. The Ultimate Guide: Updated and Expanded Edition, Leafstar and Echosong talking about Spottedleaf, Top five moments when Firestar was a mouse-brain, Winners of the December 2021 Fan Challenge + New Challenge Announcement, Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information. She was born as December: The Jingle Shell, Tanzanite, The Jingle shell is a shell that is extremely strong, despite its paper-thin appearance. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. One of the rarest shells is the world is spotted Leucodon cowrie. By the 1980s, they were being found with regular frequency, and were available on the market for about $5000. Father: A slender snake with a rather blunt head and tail. There is no fixed breeding season with one litter per 2-3 years with an average of 2-4 kittens being born. 59 moons (4.92 years) old[3] at death[4] Approx. Residents can then report the sighting online. Perhaps you couldnt get close enough to see the head. By Jill Newman. It will kill one animal at a time, and return to the hidden remains until it is eaten, but generally will not eat spoiled meat. Prefer swamps and marshes. The water snakes in Virginia are a large group of non-venomous snakes that are common around water-rich habitats. Official art Cypraea leucodon, common name the white-toothed cowry, is a rare cowry, a species of sea snail, or marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. "It comes down to colour, condition, maturity and rarity, along with where they are discovered." LOUDOUN COUNTY, VA The spotted lanternfly is now in Loudoun County, government officials said in a news release on Wednesday. After earning her medicine cat name, Spottedleaf received a prophecy from StarClan that referred to the newcomer, Firepaw. This name, along with "railway cake", is most common in Ireland where it is made more similar to a soda bread loaf with the addition of currants. You can admire and observe it from this safe and respectful distance. Ace the AOS/AET/TJ entrance tests with Anil, New Cats, Dogs, Pets Up For Adoption In The Ashburn Area, 9 Hurricanes Could Hit Virginia In 2023 Season: Experts. Because of collecting, cowries are smaller than they once were and are now rare in most places. If you keep molesting a snake, it will bite you sooner or later. Weve compiled a list of our favorite resources for dealing with snakes and snake-related problems. As long as its not in a place where its likely to hurt someone, leave it be. In this article, well take a closer look at: Well also give you a list of useful resources at the end of the article. They include: Weve combed websites like iNaturalist to find out which snakes citizens spot most regularly. Only three of them are known to exist in the world. What is the most rare shell in the world? Coming Soon - June 2nd! Read more: Spotted Lanternfly In Virginia: Quarantines, Timing Of Life Cycle. Tiger cowries were once very common, but their populations have been declining in recent decades due to habitat loss caused by dynamite fishing and reef die-offs. This shy species feeds on seeds and insects, the latter especially during the breeding season. The pixel artwork is fanart based on the canon description; undefined traits are left to the artist's interpretation. One of the rarest shells is the world is spotted Leucodon cowrie. iNaturalist is an excellent website for learning how to identify regional wildlife. Thanks to their generalist natures and their climbing habits, they often make their ways into homes. The rarest shell is the Junonia, also known as the Scaphella junonia. The dorsal mantle stripe is very distinctive in this species. Habitats with soft, moist soils. WebGenus: Colinus. Adderfang Many venomous snakes will do the same. WebCypraea leucodon, common name the white-toothed cowry, is a rare cowry, a species of sea snail, or marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. Because scallops produce about a ridge per day, dividing by 365 will give you the approximate age of the scallop, before it died or abandoned the shell, in years. Officials are asking residents to help slow the spread of the invasive bug. All forms have a brown back with black spotting on the nape. Cypraea (Schilderia) achatidea achatidea (Sowerby 1837), Cypraea (Schilderia) achatidea inopinata (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Schilderia) achatidea inopinata f. longinqua (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Schilderia) achatidea achatidea f. oranica (Crosse 1896), Cypraea (Erosaria) acicularis acicularis (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Erosaria) acicularis sanctaehelenae (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Nesiocypraea) aenigma (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Erosaria) albuginosa (Gray 1825), Cypraea (Erosaria) albuginosa f. nariaeformis (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Nesiocypraea) alexhuberti (Lorenz & Huber), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) alfredensis alfredensis (Schilder 1929), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) alfredensis transkeiana (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) algoensis algoensis (Gray 1825), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) algoensis permarginata (Lorenz 1989), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) algoensis permarginata f. sanfrancisca (Chiapponi 1998), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) amphithales (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Palmadusta) androyensis (Blocher & Lorenz 1999), Cypraea (Palmadusta) androyensis f. consanguinea (Blocher & Lorenz 1999), Cypraea (Zonaria) angelicae (Clover 1974), Cypraea (Zonaria) angelicae f. petiformis (Lorenz & Huber 1993), Cypraea (Erronea) angioyorum (Biraghi 1978), Cypraea (Notocypraea) angustata (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Notocypraea) angustata f. albata (Beddome 1878), Cypraea (Notocypraea) angustata f. subcarnea (Beddome 1896), Cypraea (Zonaria) annettae annettae (Dall 1909), Cypraea (Zonaria) annettae aequinoctialis (Schilder 1933), Cypraea (Erosaria) annulus annulus (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Erosaria) annulus sublitorea (Lorenz 1998), Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica arabica (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica asiatica (Schilder 1939), Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica asiatica f. gibba (Coen 1949), Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica grayana (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica immanis (Schilder 1939), Cypraea (Mauritia) arabica asiatica f. merguina (Lorenz & Huber 1993), Cypraea (Zonaria) arabicula (Lamarck 1810), Cypraea (Lyncina) argus argus (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Lyncina) argus contrastriata (Perry 1811), Cypraea (Lyncina) argus contrastriata f. rariocellata (Raybaudi), Cypraea (Lyncina) argus argus f. ventricosa (Gray 1824), Cypraea (Umbilia) armeniaca f. brunnea (Raybaudi 1993), Cypraea (Umbilia) armeniaca f. westralica (Raybaudi 1980), Cypraea (Palmadusta) artuffeli (Jousseaume 1876), Cypraea (Palmadusta) asellus (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Palmadusta) asellus f. bitaeniata (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Palmadusta) asellus f. latefasciata (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Palmadusta) asellus f. vespacea (Melville 1905), Cypraea (Lyncina) aurantium (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) barbieri (Raybaudi 1986), Cypraea (Erosaria) bernardi bernardi (Richard 1974), Cypraea (Erosaria) bernardi kingae (Rehder & Wilson 1975), Cypraea (Pustularia) bistrinotata bistrinotata (Schilder 1937), Cypraea (Pustularia) bistrinotata bistrinotata f. jandeprezi (Poppe & Martin 1996), Cypraea (Pustularia) bistrinotata keelingensis (Schilder 1941), Cypraea (Pustularia) bistrinotata mediocris (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Pustularia) bistrinotata sublaevis (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Erosaria) boivinii (Kiener 1843), Cypraea (Erosaria) boivinii f. cuatoni (Kosuge 1983), Cypraea (Notadusta) boucheti (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Erronea) bregeriana bregeriana (Crosse 1868), Cypraea (Erronea) bregeriana pervelata (Raybaudi 1989), Cypraea (Bistolida) brevidentata brevidentata (Sowerby 1870), Cypraea (Bistolida) brevidentata deceptor (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Bistolida) brevidentata fluctuans (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Lyncina) broderipii (Sowerby 1832), Cypraea (Lyncina) broderipii f. somalica (Raybaudi 1981), Cypraea (Lyncina) camelopardalis (Perry 1811), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) capensis (Gray 1828), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) capensis f. elizabethensis (Rous 1905), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) capensis gonubiensis (Massier 1994), Cypraea (Umbilia) capricornica (Lorenz 1989), Cypraea (Erosaria) caputdraconis (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Erosaria) caputdraconis f. poppei (Martin 1989), Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis caputserpentis (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis caputserpentis f. argentata (Dautzenberg & Bouge 1933), Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis caputserpentis f. caputanguis (Philippi 1849), Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis caputophidii (Schilder 1927), Cypraea (Erosaria) caputserpentis caputserpentis f. kenyonae (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Lyncina) carneola f. crassa (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Lyncina) carneola f. propinqua (Garrett 1879), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) castanea castanea (Higgins 1868), Cypraea (Cribrarula) catholicorum (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica caurica (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica blaesa (Iredale 1939), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica dracaena (Born 1778), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica dracaena f. corrosa (Gronovius 1781), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica elongata (Perry 1811), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica caurica f. longior (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica nabeqensis (Heiman 2000), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica quinquefasciata (Roding 1798), Cypraea (Erronea) caurica samoensis (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Erosaria) cernica cernica (Sowerby 1870), Cypraea (Erosaria) cernica leforti (Senders & Martin 1987), Cypraea (Erosaria) cernica viridicolor (Cate 1962), Cypraea (Macrocypraea) cervinetta (Kiener 1843), Cypraea (Macrocypraea) cervus (Linne 1771), Cypraea (Pustularia) chiapponii (Lorenz 1999), Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis chinensis (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis amiges (Melvill & Standen 1904), Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis somaliana (Lorenz 1989), Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis variolaria (Lamarck 1810), Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis violacea (Rous 1905), Cypraea (Erronea) chinensis violacea f. tortirostris (Sowerby 1906), Cypraea (Pustularia) cicercula (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Pustularia) cicercula f. lienardi (Jousseaume 1874), Cypraea (Luria) cinerea cinerea (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Luria) cinerea brasilensis (Lorenz & Huber 1993), Cypraea (Erosaria) citrina citrina (Gray 1825), Cypraea (Erosaria) citrina dauphinensis (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Palmadusta) clandestina clandestina (Linne 1767), Cypraea (Palmadusta) clandestina candida (Pease 1865), Cypraea (Palmadusta) clandestina clandestina f. moniliaris (Lamarck 1810), Cypraea (Palmadusta) clandestina passerina (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) cohenae (Burgess 1965), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) colligata (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Erronea) coloba f. greegori (Ford 1893), Cypraea (Notocypraea) comptonii comptonii (Gray 1847), Cypraea (Notocypraea) comptonii mayi (Beddome 1898), Cypraea (Notocypraea) comptonii mayi f. casta (Schilder 1963), Cypraea (Notocypraea) comptonii mayi f. wilkinsi (Griffiths 1959), Cypraea (Notocypraea) comptonii comptonii f. trenberthae (Trenberth 1961), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) connelli connelli (Liltved 1983), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) connelli peelae (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Palmadusta) contaminata contaminata (Sowerby 1832), Cypraea (Palmadusta) contaminata distans (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Luria) controversa f. atriceps (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) coronata coronata (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) coronata debruini (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) coronata gabriellii (Lorenz 1993), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) coronata coronata f. gloriosa (Shikama 1971), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) coronata coronata f. immaculata (Raybaudi 1986), Cypraea (Blasicrura) coxeni coxeni (Cox 1873), Cypraea (Blasicrura) coxeni hesperina (Schilder 1963), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria cribraria (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria abaliena (Lorenz 1989), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria austrialiensis (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria comma (Perry 1811), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria ganteri (Lorenz 1998), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria gaspardi (Biraghi & Nicolay 1993), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria melwardi (Perry 1811), Cypraea (Zonaria) cribraria orientalis (Schilder 1940), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cribraria zadela (Iredale 1939), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) cruickshanki (Kilburn 1972), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cumingii cumingii (Sowerby 1832), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cumingii astaryi (Schilder 1971), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cumingii astaryi f. lefaiti (Martin & Poppe 1989), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cumingii cumingii f. cleopatra (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Cribrarula) cumingii compta (Pease 1860), Cypraea (Erronea) cylindrica cylindrica (Born 1778), Cypraea (Erronea) cylindrica lenella (Iredale 1939), Cypraea (Erronea) cylindrica sowerbyana (Schilder 1932), Cypraea (Blasicrura) dayritiana (Cate 1963), Cypraea (Zoila) decipiens decipiens (Smith 1880), Cypraea (Zoila) decipiens suprasinum (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Notocypraea) declivis (Sowerby 1870), Cypraea (Nesiocypraea) deforgesi (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Mauritia) depressa f. dispersa (Schilder 1939), Cypraea (Bistolida) diauges (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Erosaria) dillwyni (Schilder 1922), Cypraea (Palmadusta) diluculum diluculum (Reeve 1845), Cypraea (Palmadusta) diluculum diluculum f. magnifica (Coen 1949), Cypraea (Palmadusta) diluculum virginalis (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) edentula edentula (Gray 1825), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) edentula edentula f. astonensis (Lorenz & Huber 1993), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) edentula nahoonensis (Lorenz 1989), Cypraea (Mauritia) eglantina (Duclos 1833), Cypraea (Mauritia) eglantina f. perconfusa (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Zoila) eludens f. delicatura (Chandler & DuRoss 1997), Cypraea (Erosaria) englerti (Summers & Burgess 1965), Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa erosa (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa chlorizans (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa chlorizans f. lactescens (Dautzenberg & Bouge 1933), Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa chlorizans f. purissima (Vredenberg 1919), Cypraea (Erosaria) erosa erosa f. similis (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Erronea) errones f. azurea (Schilder 1968), Cypraea (Erronea) errones f. bimaculata (Gray 1824), Cypraea (Erronea) errones f. caerulescens (Schroter 1804), Cypraea (Erronea) errones f. coxi (Brazier 1872), Cypraea (Erronea) errones f. nimiserrans (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Bistolida) erythraeensis (Sowerby 1837), Cypraea (Cribrarula) esontropia esontropia (Duclos 1833), Cypraea (Cribrarula) esontropia cribellum (Gaskoin 1849), Cypraea (Cribrarula) esontropia francescoi (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cribrarula) exmouthensis exmouthensis (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Cribrarula) exmouthensis abrolhensis (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cribrarula) exmouthensis magnifica (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cribrarula) exmouthensis rottnestensis (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Erronea) felina felina (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Erronea) felina fabula (Kiener 1843), Cypraea (Erronea) felina felina f. pallidaeformis (Biraghi 1987), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata fimbriata (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata durbanensis (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata marquesana (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata quasigracilis (Lorenz 1989), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) fimbriata unifasciata (Mighels 1845), Cypraea (Zoila) friendii friendii (Gray 1831), Cypraea (Zoila) friendii friendii f. insulata (Raybaudi 1985), Cypraea (Zoila) friendii vercoi (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Zoila) friendii vercoi f. candida (Raybaudi 1996), Cypraea (Zoila) friendii vercoi f. contraria (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Barycypraea) fultoni fultoni (Sowerby), Cypraea (Barycypraea) fultoni amorimi (Raybaudi 1990), Cypraea (Barycypraea) fultoni amorimi f. massieri (Lorenz 1991), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) fuscodentata fuscodentata (Gray 1825), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) fuscodentata grohorum (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) fuscodentata sphaerica (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) fuscorubra fuscorubra (Shaw 1909), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) fuscorubra gonwanalandensis (Burgess 1970), Cypraea (Erosaria) gangranosa gangranosa (Dillwyn 1817), Cypraea (Erosaria) gangranosa reentsii (Dunker 1852), Cypraea (Cribrarula) garciai (Lorenz & Raines 2001), Cypraea (Cribrarula) gaskoinii (Reeve 1846), Cypraea (Leporicypraea) geographica geographica (Schilder 1933), Cypraea (Leporicypraea) geographica rewa (Steadman & Cotton 1943), Cypraea (Pustularia) globulus globulus (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Pustularia) globulus brevirostris (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Pustularia) globulus sphaeridium (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Blasicrura) goodalli goodalli (Sowerby 1832), Cypraea (Blasicrura) goodalli fuscomaculata (Pease 1865), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis gracilis (Gaskoin 1849), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis gracilis f. japonica (Schilder 1931), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis macula (Angas 1867), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis macula f. hilda (Iredale 1939), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis notata (Gill 1858), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) gracilis notata f. jamila (Lorenz & Huber 1993), Cypraea (Staphylaea) granulata granulata (Pease 1862), Cypraea (Staphylaea) granulata cassiaui (Burgess 1965), Cypraea (Erosaria) guttata guttata (Gmelin 1791), Cypraea (Erosaria) guttata guttata f. azumai (Schilder 1960), Cypraea (Erosaria) guttata surinensis (Raybaudi 1978), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) hammondae hammondae (Iredale 1939), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) hammondae dampierensis (Schilder & Cernohorsky 1965), Cypraea (Purpuradusta) hammondae raysummersi (Schilder 1960), Cypraea (Notocypraea) hartsmithi (Schilder 1967), Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola helvola (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola argella (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola callista (Shaw 1909), Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola helvola f. citrinicolor (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola hawaiiensis (Melvill 1888), Cypraea (Erosaria) helvola meridionalis (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Umbilia) hesitata hesitata (Iredale 1916), Cypraea (Umbilia) hesitata beddomei (Schilder 1930), Cypraea (Umbilia) hesitata hesitata f. howelli (Iredale 1931), Cypraea (Nesiocypraea) hirasei (Roberts 1913), Cypraea (Nesiocypraea) hirasei f. queenslandica (Schilder 1966), Cypraea (Bistolida) hirundo hirundo (Linne 1758), Cypraea (Bistolida) hirundo francisca (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Bistolida) hirundo neglecta (Sowerby 1837), Cypraea (Bistolida) hirundo rouxi (Ancey 1882), Cypraea (Bistolida) hirundo rouxi f. korolevu (Steadman & Cotton 1943), Cypraea (Mauritia) histrio f. westralis (Iredale 1935), Cypraea (Palmadusta) humphreysii (Gray 1825), Cypraea (Erronea) hungerfordi hungerfordi (Sowerby 1888), Cypraea (Erronea) hungerfordi bealsi (Mock 1996), Cypraea (Erronea) hungerfordi coucomi (Schilder 1964), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) immelmani (Liltved 2001), Cypraea (Blasicrura) interrupta (Gray 1824), Cypraea (Luria) isabella f. rumphii (Schilder 1938), Cypraea (Luria) isabellamexicana (Stearns 1893), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) iutsui iutsui (Shikama 1974), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) iutsui atlantica (Raybaudi 1988), Cypraea (Cypraeovula) iutsui levissima (Raybaudi 1995), Cypraea (Zoila) jeaniana jeaniana (Cate 1968), Cypraea (Zoila) jeaniana aurata (Raybaudi 1979), Cypraea (Zoila) jeaniana jeaniana f. sherylae (Raybaudi 1990), Cypraea (Zoila) jeaniana thalamega (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Palmadusta) johnsonorum (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Notadusta) katsuae katsuae (Kuroda 1960), Cypraea (Notadusta) katsuae guidoi (Lorenz 2002), Cypraea (Zoila) ketyana ketyana (Raybaudi 1978), Cypraea (Zoila) ketyana bataviensis (Lorenz & Morrison 2001), Cypraea (Zoila) ketyana ketyana f. hypermarginata (Raybaudi et.
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