This then causes the wound to potentially close up around the bacteria, which can lead to an infection. About half the patients visited an emergency room, while the rest went to their primary-care physician. Camacho Zamora P, Romn Cabello M, lvarez Garca P, Vzquez Canal E. Rev Esp Quimioter. 5. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed in any form without prior authorization. Immediately wash the wound under running water. Rapidly Progressive Infection of Hand After a Cat Bite. In the study, researchers identified 193 Mayo Clinic patients with cat bites to the hand from January 1, 2009, through 2011. During a bite, a cat's tooth might also transfer pathogens commonly found on human skin ( Staphylococcus and Streptococcus) into underlying tissues, creating a "cocktail" of bacterial contamination. While 3-18 percent of dog bites become infected, another study reported a staggering 28-80 percent cat bite infection rate. At the hand, where cats most often bite . Cat bites to the hand can be especially dangerous since tendon sheaths and joints are close to the surface in the hand and cat bites penetrate deeply. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Dry the bite first, to help the Band Aid stick. These bites may look harmless, but it is important to take immediate medical action after the initial injury. Tendon necrosis and rupture; Hand dysfunction; Amputation; Systemic infection ~75% of cases are associated with antecedent injury. Epub 2019 Jul 9. It is especially dangerous for a cat to bite the wrist or hand - all places where joints, bones and tendons are close to the surface. The wrist or any joint in the fingers are usually the worst places to be wounded and thats just where most people get bitten by cats. Unlike other animal bites, which can tear flesh and even break bones, these deeper wounds are much harder to clean. Infected Cat Bite On The Wrist Photograph by Dr P. Marazzi/science from fineartamerica.com. Pasteurella species was isolated from 35% of infected wounds. Domestic animals, like dogs and cats, are responsible for the majority of animal bites. This site is not intended to and does not provide medical advice, professional diagnosis, opinion, treatment or services to you or to any other individual. Fever. Frost Bite most commonly injures your ears and nose. PMC Even though they dont look like much, a cats pinpoint bite marks can inject bacteria deeply into skin and joints, opening the door for a serious infection. He said people tend to ignore cat bites because they are so small, but they can lead to a laundry list of medical treatments. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.21.00084. Mr. H noted a progression of redness and swelling over the past three days, and admitted inconsistent use of the sling. If a cat hasnt been vaccinated for rabies, contact a doctor to decide if you need treatment known as rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP). While the kitten grabbing at your hand and biting your fingers may be adorable, it wont be so adorable anymore when he has grown into an adult cat. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Twenty cases of cat bites to the hand and wrist were retrospectively reviewed between 2014 and 2018. All patients recently treated at our institution for cat bite injuries to the hand were retrospectively reviewed. Cat bites are typically puncture wounds that penetrate deeply into the skin and underlying tissues [2] with infection rates of up to 50% [4]. for three to five days. In almost all states, a cat that has bitten a human or another domestic animal must undergo a mandatory 10-day quarantine period. Therapeutic III. They may take a culture swab to help identify the type of bacteria causing the infection. The infection resides in synovial or periarticular tissues and is usually bacterialin younger adults read more and osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis Osteomyelitis is inflammation and destruction of bone caused by bacteria, mycobacteria, or fungi. Wrist Tendonitis; DeQuervain's Tendonitis; Carpal Boss; Wrist Fractures; Distal Radius Fracture of the Wrist; Scaphoid Fractures of the wrist; Elbow. While cat bites look a lot smaller than dog bites, cat bites have certain features that make them more dangerous. Here's what you need to know. MeSH Cat bites are about twice as likely as dog bites to get infected. Brian Carlsen, a researcher on the study and orthopedic surgeon at Mayo Clinic, said cat's fangs penetrate the skin and push bacteria deep into joints and tissue, causing infection. Millions of people are bitten by animals every year, mainly by dogs. 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Sbai MA, et al. Human and other mammalian bite injuries of the hand: evaluation and management. Medicine (Baltimore). Noninfected bite wounds may require surgical debridement and prophylaxis with 50% of the dose of antibiotic used to treat infected wounds. Tendons can rupture and may require surgery. eCollection 2022 Jan-Mar. Arnica, a homeopathic remedy, can help prevent bruising, and Ledum can help prevent infection. Can taking antioxidants protect you against cancer? The family cat lunged at him and bit and scratched his hand. Mr. H was unsure of the date of his last tetanus shot and reported that the cat is up to date on all immunizations. Pasteurella multocida is the most common isolated pathogen transmitted from cats.2 The animals long and sharp canine teeth penetrate the skin, causing deep puncture wounds and providing an avenue for the induction of bacteria. Cureus. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. Misunderstanding this risk has led to a worrying number of hospitalizations, as patients require surgery to clean wounds or remove tissue thats become infected. Tendons And Ligaments In The Hand Are. In more extreme cases, redirected aggression can cause a cat to lash out at her guardian and cause severe damage. Nearly 40% of cat bites may lead to an infection according to one estimate, which supports the extra attention medical professionals often pay to cat bites. While all bites carry bacteria, your body manages to fend off most infections from dog bites. - dog bite: - consider viridans strep, pasteurella multocida, bacteroides, fusobacterium, capnocytophaga; - prophylactic treatment: augmentin / amoxicillin or with allergy ( cipro + clindamycin) Its recommended that you have a tetanus booster after a cat bite if its been more than 5 years since youve had the vaccine. Because cat bites usually cover a small area, you will probably be able to cover it with an over-the-counter adhesive Band Aid. Wear thick protective gloves when handling an injured or stray cat. Stay away from stray or feral cats. Four patients underwent digital or ray amputations. Should You Pop the Blisters Caused by Fire Ant Stings? Weve summarized the best studies we could find below to cover everything you wanted to know, or perhaps didnt want to know, about cat bites. The site is secure. Part 2 Seek Medical Care for Severe Bites 1 Go to the doctor if your bite is too serious for you to care for it adequately. 2021 Aug;70(8):639-643. doi: 10.1007/s00101-021-01003-9. A small puncture wound, particularly from a human or cat bite, may involve significant injury to the tendon, joint capsule, or articular cartilage. While five- to nine-year-old males are the principal victims of dog bites, middle-aged women were the most common victims of cat bites to the hand, according to the Mayo Clinic study. Checking for Immediate Trauma. Almost 40% of cases had flexor tendon sheath infection of the fingers. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. Read More, The Conscious Cat Product Guide features all of the best products for cats and cat lovers. Bothun said she still feels pain in her wrist and does not have full movement. Tendon rupture: When a tendon separates from the tissue, in part or completely, it is supposed to be attached to, a tendon rupture occurs. Wrist tendonitis is irritation and inflammation of the tendons at the wrist joint. Though cats are soft and cuddly, they may bite or scratch when theyre spooked. All rights reserved. Dr. Kaul is the MSN and DNP Program Director and an associate professor at Concordia University Wisconsin in Mequon. Open cat bite of wrist; Open cat bite wound of neck; Present On Admission. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. One of the more common is a highly pathogenic bacterium, Pasteurella multocida. We recommend that any symptomatic cat bites to the upper limb, especially hand and wrist, must be treated promptly, essentially within 48 hours of injury, particularly in immunocompromised population. A continued decrease in range of motion of the second digit was demonstrated at the two-week follow-up, but the pain was significantly improved. Please login or register first to view this content. To care for your wound at home, follow these steps: If the following symptoms occur, seek medical attention: If you have a pet cat, make sure to take them to regular veterinary visits to stay updated on vaccines. . What to do? Learn more about rabies in humans here. Empiric antibiotics for outpatient treatment usually include monotherapy with amoxicillin/clavulanate 500 mg orally 3 times a day or combined therapy with penicillin 500 mg orally 4 times a day (for E. corrodens, P. multocida, streptococci, and anaerobes) plus either a cephalosporin (eg, cephalexin 500 mg orally 4 times a day) or semisynthetic penicillin (eg, dicloxacillin 500 mg orally 4 times a day) for staphylococci.
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